Research supports which intervention implemented on a long-term basis significantly reduces the incidence of suicide and suicide attempts in a patient diagnosed with bipolar disorder?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Lithium. Research has shown that long-term use of lithium significantly reduces the risk of suicide and suicide attempts in patients with bipolar disorder. Lithium helps stabilize mood, reduce impulsivity, and lower the risk of suicidal behavior. - A: SSRIs may worsen symptoms in some patients with bipolar disorder and can increase the risk of suicidal behavior. - B: ECT is used for severe cases of depression or mania but is not a primary intervention for preventing suicide in bipolar disorder. - C: One-on-one observation can be helpful in preventing immediate suicide attempts but is not a long-term solution for reducing suicide risk in bipolar disorder.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: analyzing cues. In the nursing process, assessing data involves collecting information about the client's health status. Analyzing cues means interpreting and making sense of the collected data to identify patterns, issues, and potential problems. This step is crucial in planning client care as it helps the nurse understand the client's needs and develop appropriate interventions. Generating solutions (A) comes after analyzing cues, taking action (C) is part of implementing the care plan, and evaluating outcomes (D) is the final step to assess the effectiveness of the interventions. Therefore, B is the correct choice as it directly relates to the interpretation of assessment data in planning client care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because the client exhibiting the ability to assert themselves without anger or aggression reflects a healthy ego development. This behavior demonstrates assertiveness and self-confidence, which are essential components of normal ego development. In contrast, option A indicates dependency, B shows low self-esteem, and D suggests issues with guilt and morality, all of which are not indicative of normal ego development.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: "Listening." Listening in therapeutic communication involves not just hearing what the patient is saying, but also understanding the message, interpreting non-verbal cues, and providing appropriate responses. It is essential for building trust, showing empathy, and facilitating a therapeutic relationship. "Focusing" (A) is about directing the conversation to important topics, "Offering self" (B) involves sharing personal experiences or emotions, and "Restating" (C) is repeating what the patient has said, all of which are important communication techniques but not directly related to processing information and examining reactions like active listening.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the DSM-V classifies mental disorders people have. This classification is based on a comprehensive assessment of specific criteria outlined in the DSM-V for various mental health conditions. Deviant behaviors (A) alone do not necessarily indicate a mental disorder. Present disability or distress (B) is a consequence of mental disorders, but not the sole criteria for classification. Classifying all people with mental disorders (C) is too broad and does not account for individuals without a diagnosed mental disorder. Therefore, the correct classification focuses on mental disorders individuals have (D) based on specific diagnostic criteria.