ATI RN
geriatric nursing practice questions Questions
Question 1 of 9
Research on the health outcomes of older adults has significantly increased in rigor and scope:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Primarily in the last 30 years. This is because advancements in research methodologies, technology, and increased awareness of aging population's health needs have led to a significant increase in research rigor and scope in the past few decades. Choice B is too broad and vague. Choice C is incorrect as research on older adults' health outcomes predates the establishment of Medicare. Choice D is too limited in scope, as research on older adults' health outcomes has been ongoing for more than just the last decade.
Question 2 of 9
A nurse is caring for an older adult who asks, “Is it important to eat a diet high in fruits and vegetables to age successfully?” The nurse considers which theory of aging?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Free radical theory. This theory states that aging is caused by the accumulation of damage from free radicals in the body, which can be countered by antioxidants found in fruits and vegetables. Thus, the nurse considering the importance of a diet high in fruits and vegetables aligns with the free radical theory. Incorrect choices: A: Oxidative stress theory focuses on the imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants, not specifically on fruits and vegetables. B: Immunological theory relates to the immune system's role in aging, not directly linked to diet. D: Telomere theory concerns the role of telomeres in aging, not directly related to the benefits of fruits and vegetables.
Question 3 of 9
The nurse at a nursing home wants to help decrease the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in the residents. Which should the nurse do to implement this goal?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because assisting residents with ambulation to meals promotes physical activity, which is known to reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease. Physical activity increases blood flow to the brain, reduces inflammation, and promotes the growth of new brain cells. Keeping curtains open (choice A) may offer natural light but does not directly reduce the risk of AD. Offering beads for stringing (choice B) and showing movies (choice C) may provide cognitive stimulation but do not address the physical activity needed to decrease the risk of AD.
Question 4 of 9
The visiting nurse observes that the older male client is confined by his daughter to his room. When the nurse suggests that he walk into the den and join everyone, he says "I'm in everyone's way, my daughter needs me to stay here." The most important action for the nurse is to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because suggesting appropriate resources like respite care and a senior citizens' center shows the nurse's understanding of the client's needs for social interaction and support. This approach addresses the client's isolation and the daughter's need for assistance in caring for her father. Choice B is incorrect because simply telling the daughter to allow her father to participate does not address the underlying issues of the client feeling in the way and the daughter's need for support. Choice C is incorrect as it ignores the client's need for social interaction and the daughter's need for assistance, prioritizing peace over the client's well-being. Choice D is incorrect as offering to stay with the client while he is isolated does not address the broader issue of the client's need for social engagement and the daughter's need for support.
Question 5 of 9
What is the primary reason older adults are at higher risk for adverse reactions to anesthesia?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Age-related changes in liver function. As people age, there are changes in liver metabolism and blood flow, affecting the processing of anesthetic agents. Liver function declines with age, leading to slower drug metabolism and clearance, increasing the risk of adverse reactions. Decreased muscle mass (A) may affect drug distribution but not metabolism. Decreased renal function (B) can impact drug excretion but is not the primary reason for adverse reactions. Increased body fat (C) can alter drug distribution but is not the main factor in anesthesia reactions for older adults.
Question 6 of 9
How should gerontological nurses address the issue of polypharmacy in older adults?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because regularly reviewing and adjusting medications can help minimize adverse effects of polypharmacy in older adults. This approach ensures that the medications are appropriate, necessary, and not causing harm. A: Encouraging herbal supplements is not a recommended approach as they can interact with prescription medications. B: Prioritizing over-the-counter medications may not address the complexities of polypharmacy and can still contribute to drug interactions. D: Limiting patient discussions about medications can lead to misunderstandings and non-adherence.
Question 7 of 9
Which of the following is the most important factor in managing malnutrition in older adults?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increasing protein intake. Protein is crucial for maintaining muscle mass and strength in older adults, aiding in the prevention and management of malnutrition. Protein also supports immune function and wound healing. Reducing calorie intake (A) can exacerbate malnutrition, as older adults need adequate nutrition. Avoiding all fats (C) is not recommended as healthy fats are essential for brain health and nutrient absorption. Limiting hydration (D) can lead to dehydration and worsen malnutrition. In summary, increasing protein intake is the most important factor in managing malnutrition in older adults due to its vital role in maintaining overall health and preventing muscle loss.
Question 8 of 9
What is the most common chronic condition affecting older adults in the U.S.?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypertension. Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is the most common chronic condition affecting older adults in the U.S. This is because aging increases the risk of developing hypertension due to changes in blood vessels and the heart. Hypertension can lead to serious health complications such as heart disease and stroke. Summary: B: Osteoporosis primarily affects bone density and is more common in older women. C: Alzheimer's disease is a type of dementia that affects memory and cognitive function, but it is not as prevalent as hypertension among older adults. D: Diabetes is a chronic condition characterized by high blood sugar levels and while it is common, hypertension is more prevalent in older adults in the U.S.
Question 9 of 9
The term health disparity is defined as
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because health disparities refer to variations in health outcomes between different groups, often linked to social, economic, or environmental factors. This definition accurately captures the essence of health disparities by emphasizing the differences in health outcomes among various populations. Choice A is incorrect because it describes cultural elimination rather than health disparities. Choice C is incorrect as it focuses on statistical comparison rather than the health outcomes themselves. Choice D is incorrect as it discusses differing values and perspectives, which are not directly related to health disparities. In summary, choice B is the correct answer as it aligns with the definition and concept of health disparities.