ATI RN
Psychobiological Disorder Questions
Question 1 of 5
Relaxation techniques help patients who have experienced major traumas because they:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In response to trauma, the sympathetic arousal symptoms of rapid heart rate and rapid respiration prepare the person for flight or fight responses. Afterward, the dorsal vagal response damps down the sympathetic nervous system. This is a parasympathetic response with the heart rate and respiration slowing down and decreasing the blood pressure. Relaxation techniques promote activity of the parasympathetic nervous system.
Question 2 of 5
A medical-surgical nurse works with a patient diagnosed with a somatic symptom disorder. Care planning is facilitated by understanding that the patient will probably:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the context of somatic symptom disorder, the correct answer is B) be resistant to accepting psychiatric help. This is because individuals with somatic symptom disorder often have difficulty accepting or acknowledging the psychological component of their symptoms. They tend to attribute their physical symptoms solely to medical conditions rather than considering underlying psychological factors. This resistance can make it challenging for them to engage in psychiatric counseling or accept psychiatric help. Option A) is incorrect because individuals with somatic symptom disorder typically struggle to seek psychiatric counseling on their own due to their resistance to acknowledging psychological factors. Option C) is also incorrect as attending psychotherapy sessions without encouragement is unlikely for these patients. Option D) is incorrect because individuals with somatic symptom disorder are often not eager to discover the true reasons for their physical symptoms as they are focused on the physical aspect rather than the psychological component. Educationally, understanding the resistance of individuals with somatic symptom disorder to accepting psychiatric help is crucial for healthcare professionals, including medical-surgical nurses. By recognizing this resistance, nurses can approach care planning with empathy, patience, and tailored interventions to help patients gradually accept the psychological aspect of their symptoms and engage in appropriate treatment modalities. This knowledge enables nurses to provide holistic care that addresses both the physical and psychological aspects of somatic symptom disorder.
Question 3 of 5
To assist patients diagnosed with somatic symptom disorders, nursing interventions of high priority:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Shifting the focus from somatic symptoms to feelings or to neutral topics conveys interest in the patient as a person rather than as a condition. The need to gain attention with the use of symptoms is reduced over the long term. A desired outcome would be that the patient would express feelings, including anger if it is present. Once physical symptoms are investigated, they do not need to be reinvestigated each time the patient reports them.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with a somatic symptom disorder has the nursing diagnosis Interrupted family processes related to patient's disabling symptoms as evidenced by spouse and children assuming roles and tasks that previously belonged to patient. An appropriate outcome is that the patient will:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B) demonstrate performance of former roles and tasks. In the context of a patient with somatic symptom disorder and the nursing diagnosis of Interrupted family processes, the most appropriate outcome is for the patient to demonstrate the performance of former roles and tasks. This outcome indicates that the patient is gradually taking back their responsibilities within the family, which is crucial for their recovery and for restoring the family dynamics to a healthier state. Option A) assume roles and functions of other family members is incorrect because the goal is for the patient to resume their own roles, not take on additional ones that belong to others. This could lead to further imbalance within the family system. Option C) focus energy on problems occurring in the family is incorrect because the primary focus should be on the patient's recovery and reintegration into their familial roles, rather than solely on family problems. Option D) rely on family members to meet personal needs is incorrect because the goal of treatment is to empower the patient to become more independent and self-sufficient, rather than fostering continued dependency on others. Educationally, understanding the importance of setting appropriate outcomes for patients with psychobiological disorders helps nurses and healthcare providers tailor interventions that support the patient's recovery and overall well-being within the family unit. By achieving the outcome of demonstrating performance of former roles and tasks, the patient can regain a sense of agency and autonomy, promoting their mental health and family dynamics.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse provides health education for an adult experiencing sleep deprivation. Which instruction has the highest priority?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Safety is the highest priority for this patient. Sleep deprivation causes psychomotor deficits. Driver drowsiness and fatigue lead to many automobile injuries and fatalities. Alcohol compounds problems associated with sleep deprivation. Sleep deprivation should be evaluated and treated; a 1-year delay is too long.