ATI RN
Gastrointestinal Assessment Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Regardless of the precipitating factor
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Peptic ulcers are mainly caused by H. pylori infection or NSAIDs use, not directly related to acid injury. Step 2: Ammonia formation in the mucosal wall neutralizes acid, protecting mucosal cells. Step 3: Ammonia is produced by H. pylori urease enzyme, contributing to ulcer formation. Step 4: Acid back diffusion (B) and histamine release (C) are consequences, not direct causes of ulcers. Summary: Ammonia formation (D) is the correct answer as it directly contributes to mucosal injury in peptic ulcers. Acid back diffusion (B) and histamine release (C) are secondary effects of ulcer formation, not the primary cause.
Question 2 of 5
A male patient who has undergone an anterior-posterior repair is worried about his sexuality. What is an appropriate nursing intervention for this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Choice C is correct because it acknowledges the patient's concerns about sexuality post-surgery. 2. Reminding the patient that affection can be expressed in non-sexual ways validates his feelings. 3. It promotes open communication and offers alternative ways to maintain intimacy during the healing process. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A. Involving the sexual partner may add pressure and may not address the patient's personal insecurities. B. Promising a return to normal sexual function may create false expectations and overlook emotional aspects. D. Focusing on physical and emotional factors may downplay the patient's specific concerns about his sexuality.
Question 3 of 5
What test will be done before prescribing treatment for the patient with positive testing for HCV?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: HCV genotyping. Before prescribing treatment for a patient with positive HCV testing, genotyping is essential to determine the specific strain of HCV present. This information guides treatment decisions as different HCV genotypes respond differently to antiviral medications. Anti-HCV (choice A) is used for initial screening but does not provide genotype information. HCV RNA quantitation (choice B) measures viral load but does not identify the genotype. Recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA) (choice D) is an older confirmatory test and is not typically used for initial treatment decision-making.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with cirrhosis that is refractory to other treatments for esophageal varices undergoes a portacaval shunt. As a result of this procedure, what should the nurse expect the patient to experience?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Improved hemodynamic function and renal perfusion. A portacaval shunt is a surgical procedure that diverts blood flow from the portal vein directly into the vena cava, reducing portal hypertension. This leads to improved hemodynamic function by decreasing pressure in the portal system, which can improve renal perfusion. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because a portacaval shunt may not necessarily improve survival rate, decrease serum ammonia levels, or improve metabolism of nutrients.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is a common risk factor for gallstones?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Gender (female). Women have a higher risk of developing gallstones due to hormonal factors, such as estrogen increasing cholesterol levels in bile. This imbalance can lead to gallstone formation. Advanced age (B) is a risk factor but not as common as gender. While a high-fat diet (A) can contribute to gallstone formation, it is not a primary risk factor. Family history (D) can increase the likelihood of gallstones, but it is not as common as being female.