ATI RN
Respiratory System Test Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Regarding ventilation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because in obstructive lung diseases like COPD, FEV1 is reduced compared to FVC due to air trapping. This is a characteristic feature of obstruction. A: Incorrect, normal FEV1/FVC ratio is around 80-85%. B: Incorrect, in lung fibrosis, both FEV1 and FVC are reduced but the reduction in FVC is typically more prominent. C: Incorrect, while expiratory effort affects FEV1 maneuver, it is not the sole determinant.
Question 2 of 5
A male client who weighs 175 lb (79.4 kg) is receiving aminophylline (Aminophylline) (400 mg in 500 ml) at 50 ml/hour. The theophylline level is reported as 6 mcg/ml. The nurse calls the physician who instructs the nurse to change the dosage to 0.45 mg/kg/hour. The nurse should:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Question the order because it's too low. To determine the correct dosage, calculate the current dosage the client is receiving (400 mg in 500 ml at 50 ml/hour). Then calculate the new dosage using the client's weight (79.4 kg). Comparing the two dosages, if the new order is significantly lower than the current dosage, it may not be appropriate for the client's condition. Therefore, the nurse should question the physician's order to ensure the client is receiving an adequate dose. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not address the discrepancy in dosage and the need to verify the appropriateness of the new order based on the client's weight and current medication regimen.
Question 3 of 5
A 68-year-old male is being admitted to the hospital for an exacerbation of his COPD. The nurse is developing his plan of care. The nurse can expect that this client will?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Require frequent rest periods throughout the day. This is because patients with COPD often experience shortness of breath and fatigue, necessitating frequent rest periods to conserve energy and manage symptoms. Oxygen therapy is typically started at a lower flow rate (2-4 L/min) to avoid suppressing the patient's respiratory drive, so option A is not appropriate. Respiratory isolation is unnecessary for COPD exacerbation, as it is not a contagious condition, making option B incorrect. Fluid restriction is not typically indicated for COPD exacerbation unless the patient has comorbid conditions like heart failure, so option D is not the priority.
Question 4 of 5
A client is found to be allergic to Chinese food, which causes acute asthma. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: Choice C is correct because avoiding Chinese food, a known trigger for the client's acute asthma, is crucial to prevent future asthma attacks. By eliminating the trigger, the client can reduce the risk of allergic reactions and asthma exacerbations. Summary: A: Incorrect. Eating Chinese food once a month still exposes the client to the trigger, increasing the risk of asthma attacks. B: Incorrect. Using inhalers before eating Chinese food may help manage symptoms temporarily but does not address the root cause of the allergic reaction. D: Incorrect. Dismissing the client's known trigger without further investigation can lead to serious health consequences.
Question 5 of 5
The most abundant gas in the earth's atmosphere is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: nitrogen. Nitrogen makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere, making it the most abundant gas. This is due to the fact that nitrogen is a chemically stable element that forms diatomic molecules (N2) which are not easily broken down. Oxygen (A) makes up about 21% of the atmosphere, while water vapor (B) and argon (C) are present in much smaller quantities. Therefore, nitrogen is the most abundant gas in the Earth's atmosphere based on its high percentage composition.