ATI RN
Endocrine System Multiple Choice Questions Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
regarding the thyroid hormones in plasma
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In hypothyroidism, low T3/T4 raises TSH via negative feedback to stimulate thyroid plasma TSH is high. Glucocorticoids suppress TSH, not directly free T4. Binding proteins (e.g., TBG) rise with oestrogens (e.g., pregnancy), not hypertension total T4 rises, free stays normal. Oestrogens increase, not decrease, total T4 via TBG. High TSH distinguishes hypothyroidism's feedback loop, critical for diagnosis, unlike glucocorticoid, binding, or oestrogen effects.
Question 2 of 5
In the thyroid
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Thyroglobulin is synthesized in thyroid follicular cells (rough ER), secreted into colloid for iodination, not formed there key to T3/T4 production. Iodide transport is active (Naâº/Iâ» symporter). Reverse T3 (rT3) is inert. Most T4 converts to T3 peripherally. Thyroglobulin's cellular origin distinguishes it, critical for thyroid synthesis, unlike transport, activity, or metabolism truths.
Question 3 of 5
Which pattern of lab findings is most consistent of diabetes insipidus, note that the values are 24 hour urine volumes of ketones, glucose and protein respectively
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Diabetes insipidus (DI) features high urine volume (e.g., 6.4 L/24h) with no ketones, glucose, or protein dilute urine from low ADH. '400' lacks units/context. High protein (2+) suggests kidney issues, not DI. High glucose (4+) fits diabetes mellitus. High volume, normal solutes distinguish DI, key to its water-losing pathology, unlike incomplete, proteinuric, or glucosuric patterns.
Question 4 of 5
Insulin secretion is stimulated by all of the following except
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Noradrenaline (via α2-receptors) inhibits insulin secretion, prioritizing glucose mobilization in stress. Mannose (metabolized like glucose), glucagon (short-term β-cell boost), and leucine (amino acid trigger) stimulate insulin. Noradrenaline's suppression distinguishes it, critical for sympathetic-glucose balance, unlike stimulatory sugars, hormones, or amino acids.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following anterior pituitary hormones stimulates milk production?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prolactin from the anterior pituitary triggers milk production in mammary glands, not LH (ovulation), thyrotropin (thyroid), MSH (pigmentation), or ACTH (cortisol). Its specific lactogenic role distinguishes it, vital for postpartum nutrition, contrasting with reproductive or stress hormones.