ATI RN
Essential of Pediatric Nursing Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 9
Regarding the gross motor skills, a 2-year-old child can
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A 2-year-old typically can walk up and down stairs with support.
Question 2 of 9
A client with thrombocytopenia secondary to leukemia develops epistaxis. The nurse should instruct the client to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should instruct the client to sit upright, leaning slightly forward when experiencing epistaxis (nosebleed). This position helps prevent blood from dripping down the back of the throat, reducing the risk of aspiration. In the case of a client with thrombocytopenia secondary to leukemia, the blood may have difficulty clotting due to low platelet counts. Therefore, it is important to minimize bleeding as much as possible. Lying supine with the neck extended may increase the risk of blood flowing down the throat, while blowing the nose or putting lateral pressure on it may aggravate the bleeding. Holding the nose while bending forward at the waist may also increase blood flow towards the head. Sitting upright, leaning slightly forward is the safest position to prevent complications associated with epistaxis in this case.
Question 3 of 9
Although infants may be allergic to a variety of foods, the most common allergens are:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The most common allergens in infants are eggs, cow's milk, and wheat. These three items are among the top allergens that can trigger allergic reactions in infants. It is important for parents to be aware of these common allergens to help prevent potential allergic reactions in their infants.
Question 4 of 9
When assessing a female adolescent for scoliosis, what should the nurse ask the client to do?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When assessing a female adolescent for scoliosis, the nurse should ask the client to bend forward at the waist with arms hanging freely. This Adams forward bend test allows the nurse to evaluate the spine for any asymmetry, curvature, or rib hump that may indicate scoliosis. By observing the alignment of the spine while the client is in a forward bent position, the nurse can gather important information to determine if further evaluation or referral to a healthcare provider is necessary.
Question 5 of 9
The nurse is caring for an adolescent who had an external fixator placed after suffering a fracture of the wrist during a bicycle accident. Which statement by the adolescent should be expected about separation anxiety?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Separation anxiety is a common response in adolescents who have had to be separated from their family and friends due to hospitalization or medical treatment. In this situation, the adolescent expressing a desire for their parents to spend the night with them in the hospital is indicative of separation anxiety. They may feel comforted and secure by having their parents close by during this challenging time. The other statements do not directly reflect separation anxiety but rather focus on preferences for visitors and concerns about embarrassment.
Question 6 of 9
An elderly nursing home resident who has always been alert and oriented is now showing signs of dehydration and has become confused. Which electrolyte imbalance is most likely involved?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hyponatremia is an electrolyte imbalance characterized by low sodium levels in the blood. Sodium plays a crucial role in regulating the body's fluid balance and is essential for nerve and muscle function. Elderly individuals are at a higher risk of developing hyponatremia due to various factors, including medication use, reduced thirst sensation, and impaired kidney function.
Question 7 of 9
The nurse is using the FLACC scale to rate the pain level in a 9-month-old. Which is the nurse's best response to the father's question of what the FLACC scale is?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The FLACC scale uses observable behavioral and physical responses (facial expression, leg movement, activity, cry, and consolability) to estimate pain.
Question 8 of 9
Which of the following positions would be most appropriate for a patient with right-sided paralysis following a stroke?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The most appropriate position for a patient with right-sided paralysis following a stroke is Option B - On the side with support to the back, pillows to keep the body in alignment, hips slightly flexed, and a washcloth placed so that fingers are slightly curled.
Question 9 of 9
During a routine examination of a 10-mo-old male infant, you find a white pupillary reflex of the right eye; the eye movements are normal. You suspect retinoblastoma. Of the following, the BEST confirmatory diagnostic evaluation of this infant is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Examination under anesthesia by an experienced ophthalmologist is the gold standard for diagnosing retinoblastoma.