ATI RN
Nervous System Multiple Choice Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
Regarding the circle of Willis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The internal carotid artery gives off the ophthalmic artery before forming the circle of Willis.
Question 2 of 5
A neurotransmitter liberated by many peripheral nervous system neurons and some central nervous system neurons. It is excitatory at neuromuscular junctions but inhibitory at some other synapses.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Acetylcholine (ACh) is a neurotransmitter used by PNS motor neurons (excitatory at neuromuscular junctions) and some CNS neurons (can be inhibitory, e.g., in the heart). Neurotransmitter receptors receive signals, satellite cells support PNS neurons, and epinephrine is a hormone.
Question 3 of 5
Specialized hypothalamic neuron that secretes a hormone into blood capillaries of the posterior pituitary.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Neurosecretory cells in the hypothalamus release hormones (e.g., oxytocin, ADH) into the posterior pituitary’s capillaries. Interneurons connect neurons, neurology is a field, and spinal nerves are PNS.
Question 4 of 5
A space along a myelinated axon between the individual Schwann cells that form the myelin sheath and the neurolemma. Also called a node of Ranvier.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Myelin sheath gaps (nodes of Ranvier) are spaces between Schwann cells on myelinated axons, enabling saltatory conduction. Gray matter is cell bodies, cranial nerves are PNS, and neuropathy is a disorder.
Question 5 of 5
A neuroglial cell that supports neurons and produces a myelin sheath around axons of neurons of the central nervous system.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Oligodendrocytes in the CNS myelinate axons, supporting signal conduction. ACh is a neurotransmitter, white matter is axons, and action potential is a signal.