ATI RN
Questions About Nervous System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Regarding the blood supply of the cerebral cortex
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The anterior cerebral artery supplies the medial cortex (contralateral leg, micturition/defecation areas). Middle cerebral supplies lateral cortex (arm, face, speech).
Question 2 of 5
Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that provides for communication between muscles and nerves. When there is a problem with the interaction between acetylcholine and the acetylcholine receptor sites on the muscles, which condition(s) can occur?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Myasthenia gravis (autoimmune attack on acetylcholine receptors) and botulism (toxin blocks acetylcholine release) both involve acetylcholine dysfunction at the neuromuscular junction. Multiple sclerosis affects CNS myelin, not this interaction, so 'A and B' is correct.
Question 3 of 5
The portion of the peripheral nervous system that conveys output to skeletal muscles.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The somatic nervous system (SNS) controls voluntary movements by conveying motor signals to skeletal muscles. Microglial cells are CNS glia, effector cells are general targets, and electrical excitability is a property, not a system.
Question 4 of 5
Any disorder that affects the nervous system but particularly a disorder of a cranial or spinal nerve. An example is facial neuropathy (Bell's palsy), a disorder of the facial (VII) nerve.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Neuropathy is a disorder affecting nerves, such as Bell’s palsy (facial nerve). Synaptic cleft is a synapse gap, parasympathetic is a system, and ACh is a neurotransmitter.
Question 5 of 5
One of the two main subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system, having cell bodies of preganglionic neurons in the lateral gray columns of the thoracic segment.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The sympathetic nervous system, a subdivision of the ANS, has preganglionic neurons in thoracic and lumbar spinal cord, preparing the body for fight-or-flight. Parasympathetic conserves energy, ANS is broader, and enteric plexuses control digestion.