Regarding physical growth of preschool children (3-5 years), all are true EXCEPT

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Weight increment varies and is generally less than 7-8 kg/yr.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Blood cells are formed in the bone marrow, which is a soft tissue found in the center of most bones in the body. The process of blood cell formation is known as hematopoiesis. Bone marrow contains stem cells that can develop into different types of blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. These blood cells play essential roles in carrying oxygen, fighting infections, and assisting in blood clotting. While the other choices listed (arterioles, lymphoid tissue, and muscle tissue) have important functions in the body, blood cell formation specifically occurs primarily in the bone marrow.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Hypernatremia is a condition characterized by high levels of sodium in the blood. When hypernatremia is treated too rapidly or aggressively, a rapid decrease in serum sodium levels may occur. This rapid change in serum sodium concentration can cause water to move into brain cells, leading to cerebral edema. Cerebral edema is a dangerous complication associated with the potential to cause increased intracranial pressure, neurological deficits, and even death. It is crucial to correct hypernatremia slowly and carefully to prevent such complications.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Encouraging the breastfeeding mother to adhere to a low-phenylalanine diet is an important nursing consideration in the care of the newborn with PKU. Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inborn error of metabolism in which the body cannot metabolize phenylalanine properly. If a newborn with PKU consumes formula or breast milk that contains high levels of phenylalanine, it can lead to severe intellectual disability and other health complications. By encouraging the breastfeeding mother to follow a low-phenylalanine diet, the newborn's exposure to phenylalanine can be minimized, helping to prevent the negative effects of PKU.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The best response by the nurse is to address the situation with understanding and empathy. Referring to the patient as a "dirty old man" is disrespectful and unprofessional. The nurse should acknowledge that the patient's behavior may be a result of the stroke affecting his inhibitions and offer a solution to find a male assistant to help him, recognizing the nursing assistant's discomfort while still providing care for the patient. It is important to prioritize the well-being and comfort of both the patient and the staff while maintaining professionalism and dignity in the care provided.