ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 Proctored Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
Regarding phenytoin, all the following are true EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phenytoin's oral bioavailability varies due to formulation and absorption, a true statement. It's highly plasma protein-bound (~90%), not poorly, making that false and the exception. Hepatic enzyme inducers (e.g., rifampicin) enhance its metabolism, true. At higher doses, its elimination shifts to zero-order due to saturated metabolism, true. Half-life ranges from 12-36 hours, also true. High protein binding affects free drug levels, critical for therapeutic monitoring, especially in hypoalbuminemia.
Question 2 of 5
Discharge planning for the client prescribed tetracycline will include which instruction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tetracycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that can be rendered ineffective if taken with certain substances that interfere with its absorption. Dairy products, such as milk, contain calcium, which binds to tetracycline in the gastrointestinal tract, forming insoluble complexes that prevent the drug from being absorbed into the bloodstream. This interaction significantly reduces its therapeutic efficacy, making it crucial to instruct the client to avoid milk when taking the medication. Similarly, antacids (containing magnesium, aluminum, or calcium) and iron supplements also chelate tetracycline, decreasing its bioavailability, so choices A and B are incorrect and potentially harmful instructions. Reducing vitamin intake is unrelated to tetracycline's administration or efficacy, as vitamins do not typically interfere with its action unless specifically combined with minerals like iron or calcium. Therefore, the priority instruction is to avoid milk, ensuring the drug's effectiveness, which makes choice C the correct and most critical discharge teaching point.
Question 3 of 5
Select all when taking Iron Supplements.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. It is recommended to take iron supplements one hour before or two hours after a meal because food can interfere with the absorption of iron. By taking it on an empty stomach or away from meals, the body can absorb the iron more effectively.
Question 4 of 5
The patient has been receiving escitalopram (Lexapro) for treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Unknown to the nurse, the patient has also been self-medicating with St. John's wort. The patient comes to the office with symptoms of hyperthermia and diaphoresis. Which statement best describes the result of the nurse's assessment?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Escitalopram and St. John's wort, both serotonin boosters, risk serotonin syndrome-hyperthermia, diaphoresis-per pharmacology. St. John's toxicity alone (e.g., photosensitivity) doesn't fit. They're not safe together-interaction is known. Withdrawal lacks agitation context. Serotonin excess explains symptoms, a critical finding.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is creating a plan of care for a patient with a new diagnosis of hypertension. Which is a potential nursing diagnosis for the patient taking antihypertensive medications?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sexual dysfunction is a potential nursing diagnosis for a patient taking antihypertensive medications. Many antihypertensive medications, especially certain classes like beta-blockers and diuretics, may cause adverse effects such as sexual dysfunction. These medications can impact a patient's libido, sexual arousal, and ability to achieve or maintain an erection, leading to sexual problems. Therefore, sexual dysfunction is an important consideration when caring for a patient with hypertension who is prescribed antihypertensive medications. It is crucial for the nurse to assess, monitor, and address any sexual dysfunction issues that may arise in the patient's care plan to optimize their overall well-being and quality of life.