ATI RN
Pediatric Clinical Nurse Specialist Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Regarding Non-Hodgkin lymphoma:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a diverse group of blood cancers that originate in the lymphatic system. The correct answer is B) Abdominal mass is the most common clinical presentation. This is because Non-Hodgkin lymphoma often presents with symptoms related to enlarged lymph nodes, which can manifest as an abdominal mass due to lymph node involvement in the abdomen. Option A) Less common than Hodgkin's lymphoma is incorrect as Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is actually more common than Hodgkin's lymphoma. Option C) Systemic symptoms are common is incorrect as Non-Hodgkin lymphoma can present with localized or systemic symptoms, and systemic symptoms are not always present. Option D) Unicentric in origin is incorrect because Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is more commonly multicentric in origin. In an educational context, understanding the clinical presentation of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is crucial for healthcare providers, especially pediatric clinical nurse specialists, as they play a vital role in the assessment, diagnosis, and management of pediatric oncology patients. Recognizing common clinical presentations can lead to early detection and intervention, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
Question 2 of 5
Sara, age 4 months, was born at 35 weeks of gestation. She seems to be developing normally, but her parents are concerned because she is a more difficult baby than their other child, who was term. The nurse should explain that:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A) infants' temperaments are part of their unique characteristics. This response is correct because infants, just like adults, have individual temperaments that are innate and not necessarily influenced by external factors. It is essential for parents to understand that babies can have different temperaments, and being a more difficult baby does not necessarily indicate a problem. Option B) stating that infants become less difficult if they are not kept on scheduled feedings and structured routines is incorrect. Infants actually thrive on routine and structure, and deviating from scheduled feedings can disrupt their development and overall well-being. Option C) suggesting that Sara's behavior is suggestive of failure to bond completely with her parents is incorrect. Bonding is a complex process that is not solely determined by an infant's temperament. Sara's behavior is likely not a reflection of bonding issues. Option D) claiming that Sara's difficult temperament is the result of painful experiences in the neonatal period is also incorrect in this scenario. While past experiences can impact a child's behavior, it is unlikely that this is the cause of Sara's temperament at 4 months of age. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding infant development and temperament variability. It is crucial for healthcare providers, like pediatric clinical nurse specialists, to educate parents about normal variations in infant behavior and reassure them that differences in temperament are common and natural. This knowledge helps parents better respond to and care for their children, fostering a healthy parent-child relationship.
Question 3 of 5
A mother tells the nurse that she is discontinuing breastfeeding her 5-month-old infant. The nurse should recommend that the infant be given:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. For infants younger than 1 year, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends the use of breast milk or iron-fortified formula. If breastfeeding is discontinued before 1 year, it is important to switch to a commercial iron-fortified formula to ensure the infant is receiving all the necessary nutrients for growth and development.
Question 4 of 5
Menses typically begins 2.5 years after the onset of puberty at an average age of
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Understanding the timing of menarche (the onset of menstruation) is crucial for pediatric clinical nurse specialists as it helps in assessing normal development in adolescent girls. The correct answer is D) 12.5 years. Menstruation typically begins around 2.5 years after the onset of puberty, which usually occurs around the age of 10-14 years. This aligns with the average age of 12.5 years for the start of menses. Option A) 9.5 years is too early for the average onset of menarche, as girls typically do not reach this milestone until they are closer to their teenage years. Option B) 10.5 years is also premature for the onset of menstruation, falling below the typical age range for menarche. Option C) 11.5 years is closer to the average but still slightly younger than the usual age when girls start menstruating. Educationally, this question emphasizes the importance of recognizing normal variations in puberty and menstrual patterns among adolescent girls. By understanding the typical age range for menarche, pediatric clinical nurse specialists can better assess and support the reproductive health and development of their young patients. It also highlights the need for healthcare providers to be knowledgeable about normal growth and development to provide appropriate care and guidance to adolescents and their families.
Question 5 of 5
Regarding pubertal gynecomastia, which statement is TRUE?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this question about pubertal gynecomastia, the correct answer is D) surgery may be indicated in severe or persistent cases. Gynecomastia in adolescent males is a common condition characterized by breast tissue enlargement due to hormonal changes during puberty. While gynecomastia often resolves on its own within 6 months to 2 years, persistent cases that cause significant psychological distress or physical discomfort may require surgical intervention. Option A) occurring in up to 20% of normal adolescent males is incorrect because the prevalence of pubertal gynecomastia is actually higher, affecting around 50-60% of males during puberty. Option B) onset typically is between 7 and 9 years is incorrect as puberty, when gynecomastia commonly occurs, usually starts around 9-14 years of age. Option C) usually regresses within 6 months is partially correct as most cases do resolve within this timeframe, but not always. In an educational context, it is crucial for pediatric clinical nurse specialists to understand the physiological and psychological implications of pubertal gynecomastia. By knowing when to reassure patients and families and when to consider interventions like surgery, nurses can support adolescents through this common yet potentially distressing experience. It is essential to provide holistic care that addresses both the physical and emotional well-being of patients experiencing gynecomastia during puberty.