ATI RN
Pediatric Neurology Question Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Regarding disc herniation, all of the following are true EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: If the disc between L4 / L5 is herniated sensory changwill likely occur at the medial border of leg , which is false. An L4-L5 disc herniation typically affects the L5 nerve root, causing sensory changin the anterolateral leg and dorsum of the foot, not the medial leg (L4 dermatome). Choice B is true (S1 tests tiptoe standing via gastrocnemius). Choice C is correct (L4 compression affects knee jerk). Choice D is accurate (S1 compression weakens gastrocnemius). Thus, A misattributsensory changes, making it the exception and the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
In the dorsal horn-medial lemniscal pathway, the cell bodiof the first, second, and third order neurons are located in, respectively:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dorsal root ganglia, brain stem, diencephalon . In the dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway: first-order neuron cell bodiare in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG), sensing stimuli; second-order are in the medulla (brainstem, nucleus gracilis/cuneatus), where they decussate; third-order are in the thalamus (diencephalon, VPL), relaying to cortex. Choice A misplacfirst-order (dorsal column is axons). Choice B usvague terms (hindbrain/forebrain). Choice C misnamregions. Thus, D accurately locatthe neurons, making it correct.
Question 3 of 5
The internal arcuate fibers arise from the:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: gracile and cuneate nuclei . Internal arcuate fibers are axons of second-order neurons in the gracile and cuneate nuclei (medulla) that curve medially, decussate, and form the medial lemniscus in the dorsal column pathway (proprioception, touch). Choice B (solitary nucleus) processtaste/visceral sensation, not touch. Choice C (accessory cuneate) is for unconscious proprioception to cerebellum. Choice D (nucleus dorsalis) is for spinocerebellar tracts. Thus, A correctly identifithe source, making it the right answer.
Question 4 of 5
Second order neuron of Posterior spinocerebellar tract will enter cerebellum through:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Inferior cerebellar peduncle . The posterior spinocerebellar tracts second-order neurons, originating in Clarknucleus (dorsal nucleus), ascend ipsilaterally and enter the cerebellum via the inferior cerebellar peduncle, relaying unconscious proprioception from lower limbs. Choice A (superior cerebellar peduncle) is for efferent cerebellar output. Choice B (middle cerebellar peduncle) is for pontocerebellar fibers. Choice D (crus cerebri) is midbrain motor tracts. Thus, C accurately identifithe entry route, making it correct.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following applito both the anterolateral pathway and dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Contralateral loss of sensation occurs as a result of a hemisection above the level of the medulla . Both pathways anterolateral (pain/temperature, crossin spinal cord) and dorsal column-medial lemniscal (touch/proprioception, crossin medulla) ascend contralaterally above the medulla. A hemisection there disrupts crossed fibers, causing contralateral loss. Choice A is wrong (dorsal column decussatin medulla). Choice B is false (first synapse is spinal cord or medulla, not DRG). Choice C is incorrect (free nerve endings are spinothalamic, not dorsal column). Thus, D is true for both, making it correct.