Reduction in respiratory surface of the lungs due to break down of partition in the alveoli is known as

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Emphysema is the correct answer because it is a condition where the alveoli walls break down, reducing the surface area for gas exchange in the lungs. This leads to difficulty in breathing. Asphyxia is suffocation due to lack of oxygen, not related to alveoli breakdown. Bronchitis is inflammation of the bronchial tubes, not alveoli damage. Asthma is a chronic condition affecting the airways, not specifically related to alveoli destruction. Therefore, emphysema is the most appropriate term for reduction in respiratory surface due to alveolar breakdown.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Measure and compare cuff pressures. When food particles are noted during suctioning, it indicates a potential issue with the tracheostomy tube cuff. By measuring and comparing cuff pressures, the nurse can ensure the cuff is properly inflated to prevent aspiration of food particles into the lungs. Elevating the head of the bed (choice A) is a standard practice for preventing aspiration but does not address the specific issue of cuff pressure. Placing the client on NPO status (choice C) is not necessary if the cuff pressure is the main concern. Requesting a swallow study (choice D) may be needed eventually but is not the immediate priority when food particles are already present.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is C because the ability to swallow own secretions without drooling indicates that the client's airway is patent and functional post modUPPP, a priority goal for this procedure. This assessment finding ensures that the client can maintain a clear airway and prevent complications such as aspiration. Incorrect choices: A: Although pain control is important, it is not a priority assessment for this specific procedure. B: Absence of foul odor or red mucus membranes is not directly related to the airway patency or swallowing ability. D: While normal vital signs are reassuring, they do not directly indicate the success of the surgery in improving airway function.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. For thoracentesis, the client typically sits at the edge of the bed, leaning forward with arms supported on a table or over their knees to spread out the intercostal spaces and stabilize the chest wall. B is incorrect because lying on the affected side would compress the area being accessed. C is wrong as lying flat reduces access to the pleural space. D is incorrect because raising the head is not standard positioning for this procedure.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Immediate recognition of respiratory distress is vital in clients with influenza, especially those at risk of complications. A (airborne precautions) is unnecessary unless the client is immunocompromised. B (complete bed rest) is outdated practice. C (oxygen administration) is only needed if hypoxia is present.