ATI RN
Cardiovascular Drugs Pharmacology PPT Questions
Question 1 of 5
Recommended magnesium daily allowance is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 350-400 mg. The recommended daily allowance of magnesium for adults is typically around 350-400 mg. This amount is based on the average dietary intake needed to maintain optimal health and bodily functions. Magnesium plays a crucial role in various physiological processes such as muscle and nerve function, blood sugar regulation, and bone health. Choice B (6-9 g) is too high for daily magnesium intake and could lead to toxicity symptoms. Choice C (25 g) is also excessively high and can cause serious health issues. Choice D (1.5-4 mg) is too low and would not meet the body's daily magnesium requirements. Therefore, the correct answer is A as it falls within the recommended range for daily magnesium intake to support overall well-being.
Question 2 of 5
All of the following antifungal drugs are antibiotics, EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Myconazol. Myconazol is not an antibiotic; it is an antifungal drug that belongs to the class of azole antifungals. Antibiotics target bacteria, while antifungal drugs target fungi. Amphotericin B, Nystatin, and Griseofulvin are antifungal drugs that are also considered antibiotics because they inhibit the growth of fungi by various mechanisms. Amphotericin B disrupts fungal cell membrane function, Nystatin binds to ergosterol in fungal cell membranes, and Griseofulvin interferes with fungal cell division. Therefore, Myconazol is the correct answer as it does not belong to the antibiotic class.
Question 3 of 5
Tick the drug used for leishmaniasis treatment:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for choice C: 1. Sodium stibogluconate is a first-line treatment for leishmaniasis. 2. It is an antimonial compound effective against Leishmania parasites. 3. It is administered intravenously for visceral leishmaniasis. 4. Has been used for decades with proven efficacy. Summary of other choices: A: Pyrimethamine - used for malaria, not leishmaniasis. B: Albendazole - used for helminthic infections, not leishmaniasis. D: Tinidazole - used for protozoal infections like Giardiasis, not leishmaniasis.
Question 4 of 5
Rational combination of anticancer drugs is used to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Provide synergism resulting from the use of anticancer drugs with different mechanisms combination. Rational combination of anticancer drugs with different mechanisms can target multiple pathways in cancer cells, leading to enhanced efficacy and reduced chances of drug resistance. This synergy can result in improved treatment outcomes. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect: B: Providing synergism from using anticancer drugs with the same mechanisms combination would not enhance the effectiveness of treatment. C: Stimulating the immune system is a different approach to cancer treatment and is not related to rational drug combinations. D: Stimulation of cell proliferation would be counterproductive in cancer treatment as the goal is to inhibit cancer cell growth, not promote it.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is a primary reason for the use of loop diuretics in chronic systolic heart failure?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because loop diuretics act on the ascending loop of Henle to inhibit sodium and water reabsorption, promoting diuresis. This mechanism is independent of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), making them effective even in low GFR situations common in heart failure. Explanation for other choices: A: Loop diuretics do not inhibit angiotensin II synthesis; this is the mechanism of ACE inhibitors. B: Loop diuretics do not increase venous return to the heart; this is the mechanism of drugs like nitrates. C: Loop diuretics do not inhibit renal prostaglandin biosynthesis; this is the mechanism of NSAIDs.