RBCs break into fragments, they are referred to as schistocytes. These type of cells are seen in

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia. Schistocytes are fragmented red blood cells seen in conditions where RBCs are physically sheared or damaged as they pass through small blood vessels. In microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, abnormal or damaged blood vessels cause mechanical destruction of RBCs, leading to the formation of schistocytes. Sickle cell trait (A) and Thalassemia (B) are genetic disorders that do not typically cause schistocytes. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (D) is a condition characterized by low platelet count, not associated with schistocytes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the Aedes mosquito, the vector for dengue fever, remains infective for life once it is infected with the dengue virus. This is due to the virus establishing a lifelong infection in the mosquito's salivary glands. The other choices are incorrect because: A) Dengue is caused by an RNA virus, not a DNA virus. C) The Aedes mosquito prefers clean, stagnant water for breeding, not polluted water. D) Joint symptoms are commoner in chikungunya, not dengue fever.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Virchow's node is a left supraclavicular lymph node that typically receives lymphatics from abdominal organs. The correct answer is C: prostate because the prostate is not an abdominal organ and does not drain into Virchow's node. The other choices, A: testes, B: stomach, and D: breast, all drain into the abdominal lymphatic system, making them potential sources of lymphatic drainage to Virchow's node.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In thrombasthenia, there is a deficiency or dysfunction of the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor complex on platelets, leading to impaired platelet aggregation. This results in prolonged bleeding time due to ineffective platelet plug formation (choice A). Platelet count is typically normal (choice B). Platelet aggregation is defective (choice C). However, clotting time is not affected in thrombasthenia as it primarily involves platelet function, not the clotting factors involved in coagulation (choice D). Therefore, the correct answer is D.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) is a vasculitis that primarily affects small blood vessels. Thrombocytopenia, which is a low platelet count, is not typically associated with HSP. Palpable purpura, intestinal intussusception, and acute diffuse glomerulonephritis are commonly seen in HSP due to immune-mediated inflammation of blood vessels, gastrointestinal involvement, and renal complications. Thrombocytopenia, on the other hand, is not a characteristic feature of HSP, making choice A the correct answer.