ATI RN
Epidemiologic Question Questions
Question 1 of 5
Public health surveillance can be described primarily as which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Surveillance primarily monitors health problem occurrences.
Question 2 of 5
Which infection continues to increase in the United States?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Treatable STDs, such as gonorrhea, chlamydia, and syphilis, are still occurring at significant rates. Gonorrhea had plateaued or declined until 2009 but increased steadily since that time. Chlamydia, the most commonly reported bacterial disease in the United States, reached $1,441,789$ cases in 2014, although some of this increase is thought to be the result of improved screening for the infection.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse could not find a vaccine in the refrigerator. The unopened vaccine vial had been put in a storage cabinet with the other medications. The nurse drew up the appropriate dose in the syringe and then put the vial of vaccine in the refrigerator. Which would be the most likely result?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Primary vaccine failure is the failure of a vaccine to stimulate any immune response. It can be caused by improper storage that may render the vaccines ineffective, improper administration route, or exposure of light-sensitive vaccines to light. Secondary vaccine failure is the waning of immunity following an initial immune response, often occurring with immunosuppressed and organ transplant patients in whom the immune memory is essentially destroyed. Although the injection will not feel so cold to the client, the problem that will result is primary vaccine failure.
Question 4 of 5
Which best describes the advantage of the web of causation model in comparison with the epidemiological triangle model?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Although it is a more recently created model, the web of causation model is more useful because it illustrates the complexity of relationships among causable variables. It is not easier to understand and use as it has more variables than the three (agent, host, and environment) in the epidemiological model.
Question 5 of 5
One hundred women received notification that their screening tests suggested that they might have a serious health problem. Which action should the nurse take to ensure that they will complete follow-up testing?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Not all positive screening results are confirmed with further diagnostic testing. The positive predictive value of a test (proportion of true positive results relative to all positive test results) is usually known for any screening test. Although one could argue that the test could be wrong, it is more therapeutic—because you want people to attend future screenings—to emphasize that screening is only suggestive than to say the screening test is inaccurate.