Public health surveillance can be described primarily as which of the following actions?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Public health surveillance involves monitoring occurrences of public health problems to identify trends, patterns, and risk factors. This data helps in planning and implementing effective interventions to prevent and control diseases. Choice A is correct as it accurately describes the primary action of surveillance. Choice B is incorrect as it refers to the response to surveillance findings, not the primary purpose. Choice C is incorrect as it focuses on data collection rather than monitoring. Choice D is incorrect as it pertains to contact tracing, which is a specific activity within surveillance but not its primary focus.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: System for Enteric Disease Response, Investigation, and Coordination (SEDRIC). The CDC would utilize this system specifically for tracking and investigating foodborne illnesses because it is designed to focus on enteric diseases, which includes foodborne illnesses. SEDRIC allows for timely response, investigation, and coordination of efforts related to foodborne illness outbreaks. Option B is left blank (error) and does not provide any information. Option C, National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System (NNDSS), is a system that tracks notifiable diseases but may not specifically focus on foodborne illnesses. Option D, Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network (GOARN), is an international network designed to respond to global outbreaks, not specifically tailored for tracking and investigating foodborne illnesses within the US.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is B because as a nurse epidemiologist, the nurse's primary role is to evaluate the number of clients presenting with similar diseases. This involves analyzing data, identifying trends, and patterns to help prevent and control the spread of diseases within a population. This activity aligns with the core responsibilities of a nurse epidemiologist in monitoring and managing public health issues. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: Eliciting health history is typically done by nurses in direct patient care roles, not specifically by nurse epidemiologists. C: Performing physical examinations is more in line with clinical nursing practice rather than epidemiological analysis. D: The option is incomplete and irrelevant to the role of a nurse epidemiologist.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Choice A summarizes the findings by stating that 1000 out of 10,000 young women tested positive for an STI between 2010-2015. 2. Choice B focuses on the proportion of gonorrhea cases only, which is not the main point of the question. 3. Since C and D are incomplete, they do not provide any relevant information about the findings. Therefore, choice A is correct as it accurately summarizes the main finding of the STI prevalence among young women at the university.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct term to describe the data is "prevalence" because it refers to the proportion of individuals in a population who have a particular condition at a specific point in time. In this case, the prevalence of STI among young women aged 17 to 20 at the university health center is 600 out of 8000. A. "An epidemic" is incorrect because it refers to the widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time. B. "Incidence" is incorrect because it refers to the rate of new cases of a disease within a specified time period, not the total number of existing cases. D. "Risk" is incorrect because it refers to the probability of an individual developing a disease based on certain factors, not the actual number of cases present in a population.