ATI RN
Basic Immune System Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Protective immunity against Leishmania is best in individuals that make a:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Response that activates macrophages. Macrophages play a crucial role in controlling Leishmania infection by phagocytizing the parasites. Activating macrophages enhances their ability to kill the intracellular parasites, leading to effective immunity. Antibodies (choice A) are not as effective against intracellular pathogens like Leishmania. Mast cells (choice C) are primarily involved in allergic reactions, not protective immunity against parasites. Anti-bacterial response (choice D) is not directly relevant to combating Leishmania, an intracellular parasite.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is not a consequence of anaphylactic shock?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the binding of allergen-specific IgE to mast cells is actually a key event in anaphylactic shock, leading to the release of inflammatory mediators. Constriction of airways (A), loss of blood pressure (B), and hives (C) are all consequences of anaphylactic shock due to the systemic release of histamine and other mediators. IgE binding to mast cells triggers the release of these mediators, causing the symptoms associated with anaphylaxis. Therefore, D is the correct answer as it is not a consequence but rather an initiating event in anaphylactic shock.
Question 3 of 5
Lymphokines are protein substances produced in small amounts by lymphocytes and move from cell to cell carrying message through the immune system. The most common lymphokine is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (D - Interferon): 1. Lymphokines are protein substances produced by lymphocytes. 2. Interferon is a type of lymphokine produced by lymphocytes during viral infections. 3. It helps in regulating the immune response and inhibiting viral replication. 4. Interferon moves from cell to cell carrying messages through the immune system. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: Vaccine - Not a lymphokine, but a substance used to stimulate the immune system. B: Antigen - Not a lymphokine, but a substance that triggers an immune response. C: Antibody - Not a lymphokine, but a protein produced by the immune system to neutralize pathogens.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who is experiencing an immune response involving B and T cells. Which type of immunity is the patient demonstrating?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Humoral immunity. Humoral immunity involves B cells producing antibodies to target pathogens. B cells are responsible for producing antibodies that circulate in the blood and lymph to neutralize pathogens. This type of immunity is specific to antigens and is a key component of the adaptive immune response. Passive immunity (A) is when antibodies are transferred from one individual to another, not involving B and T cells directly. Acquired immunity (C) is a broad term encompassing both humoral and cell-mediated immunity. Cell-mediated immunity (D) involves T cells directly targeting infected cells, not B cells producing antibodies.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse provides care to older adults. What should the nurse recognize as being more likely to occur in an older adult than in a younger adult?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: More autoimmune disorders. As individuals age, the immune system weakens, leading to an increased risk of autoimmune disorders where the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells. This is more likely in older adults compared to younger adults. High fevers (choice A) are not more likely in older adults, as fever response tends to decrease with age. Fewer infections (choice B) are also less likely in older adults due to a weakened immune response. Greater antibody production (choice D) is not a characteristic of aging, as antibody production may decline with age.