ATI RN
Test Bank Pharmacology Questions
Question 1 of 5
Protamine Sulfate is known to counteract the therapeutic effect of which medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Protamine sulfate is commonly used as an antidote for heparin overdose. Heparin is an anticoagulant medication given to prevent blood clots, but in cases of excessive bleeding or overdose, protamine sulfate can be administered to counteract its effects. Therefore, it is important to be aware that protamine sulfate can negate the therapeutic effect of heparin.
Question 2 of 5
A drug with a half life of 12 hours is administered by continuous intravenous infusion. How long will it take for the drug to reach 90% of its final steady-state level?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When a drug is administered by continuous intravenous infusion, it will take approximately 4-5 half-lives for it to reach 90% of its final steady-state level. In this case, the drug has a half-life of 12 hours, so it will take 4 half-lives (12 hours x 4 = 48 hours) for the drug to reach 90% of its final steady-state level. Therefore, the drug will reach 90% of its final steady-state level after 48 hours of continuous infusion.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse teaches a patient taking amphotericin B to report which signs and symptoms to the health care provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Amphotericin B is an antifungal medication that can cause nephrotoxicity, leading to decreased urine output and renal impairment. Patients should be instructed to report any changes in urinary output promptly. Changes in sight and hearing are not typical adverse effects of amphotericin B. A painful red rash and blisters may indicate an allergic reaction but are less common than nephrotoxicity.
Question 4 of 5
The labor and delivery nurse assists with the delivery of a newborn to a woman taking an adrenergic blocker for a congenital heart defect. What organ systems may be affected in the newborn by these drugs? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Adrenergic blockers can affect labor, and babies born to mothers taking these drugs may exhibit adverse cardiovascular, respiratory, and CNS effects. Problems with the GI and GU systems have not been reported. The nurse should monitor the newborn for potential adverse effects and intervene as needed to ensure safety.
Question 5 of 5
A child is receiving methylphenidate. The mother tells the nurse the patient is having trouble sleeping while on the medication. What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Methylphenidate, a stimulant used to treat ADHD, can cause insomnia if taken too late in the day. Administering the medication earlier in the day (before 4:00 pm) can help minimize sleep disturbances. Giving it at 8:00 pm (B) would worsen insomnia. Stopping the medication abruptly (C) is not recommended without consulting the healthcare provider. Diphenhydramine (D) is not a solution for stimulant-induced insomnia.