ATI RN
Human Reproductive System pdf Questions
Question 1 of 5
Prophase I of the spermatocyte phase lasts approximately:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D (16 days) because prophase I of spermatocyte phase involves complex processes like chromosome pairing and recombination, which take time. It is a crucial stage in sperm formation. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they underestimate the duration required for these intricate cellular events to occur. A shorter timeframe would not allow for proper genetic exchange and segregation, essential for genetic diversity in offspring. Thus, a longer duration like 16 days is necessary for the completion of prophase I in spermatocyte phase.
Question 2 of 5
The average menstrual cycle is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D (28 days) as it is the average length of a menstrual cycle, which is typically counted from the first day of one period to the first day of the next. The menstrual cycle is controlled by hormonal changes and the average duration is around 28 days. This length allows for the proper preparation and shedding of the uterine lining. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not align with the typical length of a menstrual cycle, which is around 28 days.
Question 3 of 5
A professional athlete in her mid-20s has not had a menstrual cycle for 5 years, although a bone density scan revealed normal skeletal mineralization. Which of the following facts elicited during the taking of her medical history may explain these observations?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Her plasma estrogen concentration is very low. The absence of menstrual cycles in a young athlete with normal bone density suggests hypothalamic dysfunction affecting the menstrual cycle. This can result from low estrogen levels, which are essential for the regulation of menstrual cycles. Low estrogen levels can be caused by intense physical activity, leading to suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. Choice A is incorrect because a high-carbohydrate diet alone is unlikely to cause amenorrhea. Choice B is irrelevant to the absence of menstrual cycles and normal bone density in the athlete. Choice C, elevated blood pressure, is also unrelated to the situation described.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following changes would be expected to occur with increased binding of a hormone to plasma proteins?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Increased binding of a hormone to plasma proteins reduces the concentration of free hormone in the blood. Step 2: With decreased free hormone levels, there is less hormone available to exert its effects. Step 3: This reduction in free hormone would lead to an increase in the degree of negative feedback exerted by the hormone to regulate its own production. Therefore, the correct answer is D. Summary: A: Increase in plasma clearance of the hormone - Incorrect. Increased binding to plasma proteins would decrease clearance. B: Decrease in half-life of the hormone - Incorrect. Increased binding can prolong the half-life by protecting the hormone from degradation. C: Increase in hormone activity - Incorrect. Increased binding reduces the availability of free hormone, decreasing its activity.
Question 5 of 5
Where does fertilization normally take place?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Ampulla of the fallopian tubes. Fertilization typically occurs in the ampulla of the fallopian tubes, where the sperm meets the egg. The ampulla is the widest part of the fallopian tube, providing the necessary space for fertilization to occur. Sperm must travel through the cervix and uterus to reach the fallopian tubes where fertilization takes place. The ovary is where the egg is released during ovulation but fertilization occurs in the fallopian tubes.