ATI RN
Free Medical Surgical Certification Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Proper body alignment of the hemiplegic patient with the use of a footboard, trochanter rolls, and pillows will minimize the development of
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Proper body alignment of a hemiplegic patient is crucial to prevent complications. In this scenario, utilizing a footboard, trochanter rolls, and pillows helps maintain correct positioning. The correct answer is A) plantar extension. By supporting the foot in a neutral position with a footboard, plantar extension (foot dropping down) is prevented, reducing the risk of foot contractures. Option B) shoulder abduction is incorrect because the question pertains to lower body alignment, not upper body positioning. Option C) internal hip rotation is incorrect as the provided aids focus on maintaining external rotation to prevent hip contractures. Option D) external hip rotation is incorrect since the aids assist in preventing internal rotation which is more common in hemiplegic patients. Educationally, understanding proper body alignment techniques is essential for caregivers to prevent complications like contractures and pressure ulcers in immobile patients. By learning how to use supportive devices effectively, healthcare providers can enhance patient comfort and quality of care.
Question 2 of 5
Mrs. Smith splashed some toilet bowl cleaner into her eye, and now her eye is burning. Mrs. Smith's eye should be irrigated with
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is C) her head turned toward the affected eye. When a chemical splashes into the eye, immediate irrigation is crucial to prevent further damage. By turning the head towards the affected eye, gravity helps to ensure that the chemical is flushed out, reducing the chances of it flowing into the unaffected eye. Option A) an acid solution and B) a basic solution are incorrect because adding another chemical could potentially worsen the situation by causing a chemical reaction. It is essential to only use water or saline solution for irrigation in such cases to dilute and remove the chemical. Educationally, understanding proper first aid measures for chemical exposure to the eye is vital in a medical-surgical setting. Prompt and correct actions can prevent serious eye injuries and complications. Teaching healthcare professionals and individuals the correct steps to take in such emergencies can save vision and prevent long-term damage.
Question 3 of 5
Mr. Woodring has had a stapedectomy. On his first postoperative day, he tells the nurse he is dizzy and has ringing in his ears. Your assessment would be that these symptoms are
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A) normal. After a stapedectomy, it is common for patients to experience dizziness and ringing in the ears due to changes in inner ear pressure and fluid disturbances. These symptoms are typically transient and part of the normal postoperative course. Option B) indicative of postoperative complications is incorrect because dizziness and ringing in the ears are expected symptoms following a stapedectomy and do not necessarily indicate complications unless they are severe or persistent. Option C) probably related to rapid head movement is incorrect as the symptoms described are more likely due to the surgery itself rather than external factors like head movement. Option D) probably related to antibiotic therapy is incorrect as these symptoms are not typically associated with antibiotic use in the context of a stapedectomy. In an educational context, it is important for healthcare professionals to understand the common postoperative symptoms associated with various surgical procedures to provide appropriate patient education and reassurance. Understanding the expected course of recovery helps in differentiating normal postoperative effects from potential complications, leading to better patient care and outcomes.
Question 4 of 5
A new medical resident assessed a patient who is starting withdrawal from benzodiazepine. The resident writes orders for Ativan. What is your best response?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct response is option D, which is to point out to the resident that the patient is dependent on benzodiazepines. This is the best choice because giving Ativan (another benzodiazepine) to a patient in benzodiazepine withdrawal can potentially exacerbate the withdrawal symptoms or lead to further dependency. It is crucial to address the resident's error to prevent harm to the patient. Option A, asking the attending physician to review the orders, is not the best choice in this situation because the resident's error needs to be addressed promptly to prevent harm to the patient. Option B, administering the medication as prescribed, is incorrect because it could worsen the patient's condition. Option C, asking the resident to clarify the orders, is not the ideal response as the issue is not about clarity but about the appropriateness of the prescribed medication. In an educational context, this scenario highlights the importance of thorough patient assessment, understanding of pharmacology, and critical thinking skills in medical practice. It emphasizes the necessity of advocating for patient safety and speaking up when errors are identified, even if it involves addressing a more senior colleague's mistake.
Question 5 of 5
You are teaching prevention of accidental eye injuries in a community health clinic to a church group. What is the most important thing to stress?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In teaching prevention of accidental eye injuries to a church group, stressing the importance of wearing protective eyewear during sports or hazardous work is crucial. This is because wearing protective eyewear serves as a physical barrier to shield the eyes from potential injuries caused by flying debris, chemicals, or impact during activities that pose a risk to eye safety. Option A, following workplace policies for handling chemicals, while important in a work setting, may not directly address the broader context of eye injury prevention in various daily activities beyond the workplace. Option B, cautioning children and parents about aggressive play, is relevant but not as comprehensive as emphasizing the consistent use of protective eyewear during risky activities. Option D, establishing emergency eyewash stations in the workplace, is important for immediate response to eye injuries but does not address the preventive aspect of the question. In an educational context, emphasizing the importance of protective eyewear aligns with promoting proactive measures to safeguard eye health and prevent avoidable injuries, empowering individuals to take responsibility for their eye safety in various environments. By highlighting this preventive measure, individuals can make informed choices to protect their eyes and reduce the risk of accidents leading to vision impairment.