Production of less than 50 mL/day of urine is called ________.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Anuria is <50 mL/day not normal (~1-2 L), polyuria (excess), or oliguria (100-400 mL). This defines severe reduction, key for renal failure, contrasting with higher outputs.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Progesterone mimics aldosterone (Na+/water retention) not ADH (water), PTH (Ca2+), or ANH (natriuretic). This specifies cross-reactivity, critical for fluid balance, contrasting with direct water hormones.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Urea is the most concentrated waste in urine not uric acid, glucose (reabsorbed), or creatinine (less). This identifies excretory priority, critical for nitrogen, contrasting with reabsorbed solutes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Glucosuria is glucose in urine not uremia (urea), ureteritis (inflammation), or intolerance (metabolic). This defines glycosuria, critical for diabetes, contrasting with other conditions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Liver on right displaces right kidney not heart, size differences. This explains asymmetry, key for anatomy, contrasting with organ size myths.