Problems affecting nutritional intake among the elderly and chronically ill include

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step 1: Ability to smell and taste food decreases with age, leading to decreased appetite. Step 2: Decreased appetite can result in poor nutritional intake among the elderly. Step 3: This is a common issue among the elderly and chronically ill. Summary: A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not address the main issue of decreased appetite due to decreased ability to smell and taste food with age.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Encourage Kegel exercises. Kegel exercises help strengthen pelvic floor muscles, which can improve bladder control and promote normal elimination. This is an evidence-based approach recommended for residents with urinary incontinence. Choice B is incorrect because rushing urination can lead to incomplete voiding and increase the risk of urinary retention. Choice C is incorrect because lying flat on the back during urination is not a recommended position for promoting normal elimination. Choice D is incorrect because discouraging fluids for residents who urinate frequently can lead to dehydration and urinary tract issues.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Prevents the loss of too much water. The integumentary system consists of the skin, hair, nails, and glands, which act as a barrier to prevent dehydration by retaining body fluids. It helps regulate body temperature, protects against pathogens, and provides sensory information. Choices A, C, and D do not directly relate to the primary function of the integumentary system, making them incorrect. A regulates hormones (endocrine system), C relates to the muscular system, and D involves the reproductive system.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD). PAD is the most common type of PVD characterized by atherosclerosis in the arteries supplying the extremities. This leads to reduced blood flow, causing symptoms like leg pain, cramping, and impaired wound healing. Phlebitis (A) is inflammation of veins, not arteries. Myocardial infarction (MI) (B) and Coronary artery disease (CAD) (D) involve the heart's blood vessels, not peripheral arteries. Therefore, based on the symptoms and location of atherosclerosis, PAD is the most likely diagnosis.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dry. Before applying a prosthesis, the area must be dry to ensure proper adhesion. Moisture can prevent the prosthesis from adhering effectively, leading to potential issues such as slippage or skin irritation. Options B, C, and D are incorrect because a damp, cold, or warm area can all contribute to poor adhesion and discomfort for the patient. Ensuring the area is dry is crucial for the successful application and longevity of the prosthesis.