Problems affecting nutritional intake among the elderly and chronically ill include

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Ability to smell and taste food declines with age, leading to reduced appetite. 2. Elderly and chronically ill individuals may experience this decline, impacting their nutritional intake. 3. Reduced enjoyment of food due to decreased taste and smell can contribute to poor eating habits. 4. This can result in malnutrition and other health issues in this population. Therefore, option D is correct. Summary of other choices: A: Fatigue and pain decrease appetite, contradicting the question. B: Saliva production does not significantly impact nutritional intake. C: Increased physical activity does not necessarily lead to increased appetite in elderly and chronically ill individuals.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Encourage Kegel exercises. Kegel exercises help strengthen pelvic floor muscles, improving bladder control and promoting normal elimination. This is essential for residents with urinary incontinence issues. Encouraging residents to finish urinating quickly (B) is not beneficial as it may lead to incomplete emptying. Having female residents lie flat on their backs when urinating (C) is not practical or recommended. Discouraging fluids for residents who urinate frequently (D) can lead to dehydration and exacerbate urinary issues.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Prevents the loss of too much water. The integumentary system includes the skin, which acts as a barrier to prevent excessive water loss from the body. This is essential for maintaining proper hydration levels and overall health. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because regulating hormone levels, allowing body movement, and providing an environment for fetal development are functions of other body systems like the endocrine, muscular, and reproductive systems, respectively.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD). PAD is the most common type of peripheral vascular disease, characterized by the narrowing or blockage of arteries that supply blood to the extremities. This leads to reduced blood flow and can cause pain, numbness, and other symptoms. Phlebitis (A) refers to inflammation of veins, while myocardial infarction (B) and coronary artery disease (D) specifically involve the heart and its blood supply, not the peripheral arteries. So, C is correct as it directly relates to narrowing/blockage of peripheral arteries, distinguishing it from the other choices.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dry. Keeping the area dry before applying a prosthesis is crucial to ensure proper adhesion. Moisture can interfere with the bonding process, leading to potential slippage or discomfort. Dampness can also promote bacterial growth and skin irritation. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because dampness (B) can compromise adhesion, cold (C) can affect comfort and blood circulation, and warmth (D) can increase sweat production and hinder adhesion. Therefore, ensuring the area is thoroughly dry is essential for optimal prosthetic application.