ATI RN
Advanced Pharmacology Across the Lifespan Questions
Question 1 of 5
Probiotics are recommended to be co-administered when what are prescribed?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Probiotics are recommended to be co-administered with antibiotics because antibiotics can disrupt the balance of good and bad bacteria in the gut, leading to digestive issues. Probiotics help restore the balance by introducing beneficial bacteria. Antibiotics do not affect the same mechanisms as antidiarrheals, antihistamines, or antihypertensives, so co-administration with probiotics is not necessary for these medications.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following medications is associated with rapid acting insulin?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Insulin glulisine (Apidra). This is a rapid-acting insulin because it has a quick onset of action, typically within 15 minutes. It is designed to be taken just before or after a meal to help control blood sugar spikes. Insulin detemir (Levemir) is a long-acting insulin, Regular insulin (Humulin R) is a short-acting insulin, and Insulin glargine is an intermediate-acting insulin. Therefore, based on the onset of action and timing of administration, insulin glulisine is the correct choice for rapid-acting insulin.
Question 3 of 5
A patient who has recently begun hormone replacement therapy with estrogen asks the NP how the hormone will affect her nonreproductive tissues. Which response(s) by the NP are appropriate? (select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: It suppresses bone resorption. Estrogen plays a crucial role in maintaining bone health by inhibiting bone resorption, thus reducing the risk of osteoporosis. Estrogen does not directly reduce LDLs or fat deposits in the liver. While estrogen can have an impact on coagulation, it typically promotes anticoagulation rather than promoting and suppressing coagulation simultaneously. Therefore, choice A is the most appropriate response as it directly correlates with the effects of estrogen on nonreproductive tissues.
Question 4 of 5
You examine a male patient and find an enlarged prostate on a digital rectal examination. He complained of having difficulty with erectile dysfunction and urine flow. What appropriate treatment would be prescribed?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: A daily low dose of oral tadalafil. This is the appropriate treatment because tadalafil is a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor that is commonly used for both erectile dysfunction and benign prostatic hyperplasia (enlarged prostate). A low daily dose of tadalafil can help improve both erectile function and urine flow in patients with an enlarged prostate. A: Oral tadalafil as needed may not provide consistent relief for urinary symptoms associated with an enlarged prostate. C: Sildenafil is another phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor but is not as effective for treating an enlarged prostate compared to tadalafil. D: Topical minoxidil is used for hair loss and is not indicated for the symptoms described in the patient scenario.
Question 5 of 5
Which are routes of drug excretion? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Drug excretion via the GI tract occurs when drugs are not absorbed and are eliminated through feces. 2. The respiratory tract does not play a significant role in drug excretion. 3. The lymphatic system primarily transports immune cells and fats, not drugs. 4. The circulatory system transports drugs to tissues but not for direct excretion.