ATI RN
NCLEX Questions on Gastrointestinal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Probably the main reason why elderly people have antacids, Hâ‚‚ antagonists and proton pump inhibitors is because of the increase in ______ with age.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: gastroesophageal reflux disorder (GERD). As people age, they are more likely to experience GERD due to changes in the muscles of the esophagus and stomach, leading to acid reflux. Antacids, H2 antagonists, and proton pump inhibitors are commonly used to alleviate symptoms of GERD by reducing stomach acid production. Crohn's disease (A), irritable bowel syndrome (B), and colitis (D) are not typically associated with aging and are not directly related to the need for these medications in elderly people.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following sports drinks would BEST promote BOTH glucose absorption and water absorption (hydration) during aerobic exercise?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Drink D with 8% carbohydrate and contains sodium. During aerobic exercise, glucose and sodium are crucial for optimal hydration and energy replenishment. The 8% carbohydrate concentration is within the recommended range for efficient glucose absorption, while the presence of sodium helps in fluid retention and electrolyte balance. Choices A and B lack sodium, which is necessary for hydration. Choice C has the right carbohydrate concentration but lacks sodium, making it less effective compared to Drink D.
Question 3 of 5
You are caring for a client with peptic ulcer disease. Which assessment finding is the most serious?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. A board-like abdomen with shoulder pain indicates a perforated ulcer, a medical emergency requiring immediate intervention. A perforation can lead to peritonitis and septic shock. Choice A, projectile vomiting, may indicate a gastric outlet obstruction but is not as immediately life-threatening as a perforation. Choice B, burning sensation 2 hours after eating, is a common symptom of peptic ulcer disease and does not indicate a complication. Choice C, coffee-ground emesis, may indicate bleeding but is not as severe as a perforation.
Question 4 of 5
What instruction should be given to a client scheduled for a gallbladder series test?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client scheduled for a gallbladder series test is not to eat or drink until the test is complete. This is because the test requires fasting to ensure clear visualization of the gallbladder and surrounding structures. Eating or drinking could interfere with the results by causing gallbladder contraction or obscuring the images. A) Instructing the client to remain on a low-residue diet is not necessary for this specific test and may not provide the required fasting. B) Taking a laxative or cleansing enemas is not typically required for a gallbladder series test and can be unnecessary and may even be harmful.
Question 5 of 5
A client is assessed for surgery for herniation. Why is it important that the nurse ask if the client smokes?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because smoking can lead to chronic coughing and sneezing, which may increase intra-abdominal pressure. This can be detrimental post-surgery, especially in herniation cases where increased pressure can strain the surgical site, leading to complications like wound dehiscence or hernia recurrence. Choices A and B are incorrect as they do not directly relate to the impact of smoking on intra-abdominal pressure. Choice C is also incorrect as it focuses on medication contraindications rather than the physiological effects of smoking on surgical outcomes.