Prior to giving a hospitalized pre-schooler an injection, the nurse gives the child's teddy bear a "shot" first. This method is known as:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dramatic play. Dramatic play involves children acting out experiences to better understand them and reduce fear. In this scenario, by giving the teddy bear a 'shot' first, the nurse is engaging in dramatic play to help the child comprehend and feel more comfortable with the upcoming injection.\n A: Critical play involves critical thinking and problem-solving, not acting out scenarios.\n B: Role play typically involves pretending to be someone else, not necessarily acting out a specific experience.\n C: Diversionary activity aims to distract or redirect attention, which is different from the purpose of dramatic play in this context.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Thelarche. Thelarche refers to the onset of breast development, which is typically the first sign of puberty in girls. This occurs before menarche (the first menstrual period). Choices A and B, acne and hair growth in the pubic area and underarms, are not the first signs of puberty in girls. While acne can be a common occurrence during puberty, it usually appears after other physical changes. Hair growth in the pubic area and underarms also occurs later in the puberty process.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Picking up a pencil requires the use of the pincer grasp, which involves the coordination of the thumb and forefinger to hold small objects. The pincer grasp is a fine motor skill essential for tasks that necessitate precision and dexterity. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Prehension refers to the act of grasping or holding an object, parachute reflex is a protective response to sudden movement or loss of support, and grasp reflex is an automatic closing of the hand when an object is placed in the palm, none of which specifically relate to the action of picking up a pencil.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A bone marrow aspirate is the definitive test to confirm acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in this case. It allows for the examination of leukemic cells in the bone marrow, providing a direct assessment of the disease. Red blood cell count (Choice B) is not specific for diagnosing leukemia but may show anemia commonly seen in leukemia patients. Lumbar puncture (Choice C) is used to assess central nervous system involvement, not primarily for confirming ALL. Bone scan (Choice D) is not a standard diagnostic test for ALL and is mainly used for evaluating bone metastases in other conditions.