ATI RN
Fundamentals Patient Safety and Wound Care Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Principle of triage for 27 seriously injured in an aircraft accident:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "Produce the greatest number of survivors based on available resources." This principle of triage, known as "maximizing the number of survivors," aims to save as many lives as possible by prioritizing treatment based on the likelihood of survival with available resources. By focusing on maximizing the number of survivors, it ensures efficient use of limited resources and increases overall survival rates. Other choices are incorrect because solely treating the most severely injured patients first (A) may not lead to the highest number of survivors, establishing a field triage area directed by a doctor (B) might not always be feasible in emergency situations, and rapidly transporting all patients to the nearest hospital (C) may not consider the severity of injuries or resource limitations.
Question 2 of 5
A 52-year-old woman sustaining 50% total body surface burns in an explosion. She has burns around the chest and both upper arms. Adequate resuscitation is initiate She is nasotracheally intubated and is being mechanically ventilate Her CarboxyHb level is 10%. Her arterial blood gas reveals PaO2 of 40mmHg, PaCO2 of 60mmHg, and pH of 7.25. Appropriate immediate management at the time is to
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Ensure adequate tissue perfusion." In this scenario, the patient has sustained significant burns and is showing signs of respiratory distress with low PaO2, high PaCO2, and acidosis. Ensuring adequate tissue perfusion is crucial to optimize oxygen delivery to tissues. This can be achieved by optimizing hemodynamics, fluid resuscitation, and maintaining a balance between oxygen delivery and consumption. Increasing fluid resuscitation (choice B) may worsen the patient's respiratory status by causing fluid overload. Adding PEEP (choice C) may be beneficial in some cases but addressing tissue perfusion is more critical in this scenario. Reassessing for the presence of pneumothorax (choice D) is important but not the immediate priority in this case.
Question 3 of 5
Which one of the following injuries is addressed in the secondary survey?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Forearm fracture. In the secondary survey of trauma assessment, non-life-threatening injuries like forearm fractures are addressed after stabilizing life-threatening conditions. Forearm fractures may cause pain and disability but are not immediately life-threatening. Choices A, B, and D all involve injuries that require immediate attention in the primary survey due to the potential for severe bleeding, compromised airway, or unstable pelvic fractures leading to internal bleeding and other critical issues. In the secondary survey, attention is shifted to identifying and treating less urgent injuries like the forearm fracture.
Question 4 of 5
A 70 year old suffers blunt chest trauma after being struck by a car. On presentation, his GCS is 15, BP is 145/90, HR is 72. RR is 24 and O2-sat on 5L is 91%. Chest x-ray demonstrates multiple right sided rib fractures. ECG demonstrates normal sinus rhythm with no conduction abnormalities. Management should include:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "Monitored i.v analgesia." In this scenario, the patient presents with rib fractures causing chest pain and respiratory distress. The primary goal is pain management to improve respiratory function and prevent complications like pneumonia. IV analgesia will help control pain effectively. Option A is incorrect as chest tube placement is not indicated in this scenario. Option B is not necessary as there are no signs of cardiac injury on ECG. Option D, thoracic splinting, is not the primary management for rib fractures and may not provide adequate pain relief.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is part of proper personal grooming by a nursing assistant?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because keeping hair neatly tied back away from the face is essential for infection control and maintaining a professional appearance in healthcare settings. Tying hair back prevents it from touching patients or surfaces, reducing the risk of spreading germs. Bathing frequency and perfume application are subjective preferences and not directly related to professional grooming in a healthcare setting. Wearing artificial nails can harbor bacteria and increase the risk of cross-contamination, so it is not recommended for healthcare workers.