Principal properties of cordiamine include all of the following EXCEPT:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this question, the correct answer is D) Significant abuse potential. Cordiamine, also known as nikethamide, is a respiratory analeptic and a coronarodilator. It is used to stimulate respiration and dilate coronary blood vessels, making it a valuable medication in treating conditions like respiratory depression and certain cardiac conditions. The incorrect options (A, B, and C) are designed to test the student's knowledge of cordiamine's properties. Option A states that cordiamine is a cardiac analeptic, which is incorrect as its primary actions are on respiration and coronary blood vessels, not directly on the heart. Option B labels it as a respiratory analeptic, which is true and one of its main uses. Option C describes it as a coronarodilatator, which is also correct as it helps dilate coronary blood vessels to improve blood flow to the heart muscle. Educationally, understanding the properties of medications like cordiamine is crucial for healthcare professionals, especially in pharmacology. This knowledge helps in making informed decisions about drug therapy, assessing potential side effects, and ensuring patient safety and effective treatment. By knowing the correct properties of cordiamine and recognizing its limitations, healthcare providers can provide optimal care and prevent misuse or misinterpretation of its effects.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) Physical bliss, body lightness, a wish to fly, motionlessness. Tranquilizers are central nervous system depressants that slow down brain function, leading to feelings of calmness and relaxation. Intoxication with tranquilizers can result in physical bliss, a sensation of lightness in the body, a desire to experience weightlessness or fly, and physical immobility or lack of motion. Option A is incorrect because euphoria, burst of energy, and increased motor activity are more indicative of stimulant intoxication rather than tranquilizers. Option B describes features more commonly associated with hallucinogens rather than tranquilizers. Option D refers to synaesthesia, a condition where stimulation of one sensory pathway leads to automatic, involuntary experiences in a second sensory pathway, which is not a typical feature of tranquilizer intoxication. In an educational context, understanding the effects and signs of tranquilizer intoxication is crucial for healthcare professionals, especially those working in settings where drug misuse or overdose is a concern. Recognizing the specific manifestations of drug intoxication can aid in timely and accurate assessment, intervention, and management of individuals experiencing adverse effects from substance use.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the early stage of cannabis intoxication, individuals commonly experience euphoria and uncontrolled laughter, alteration of time sense, and depersonalization. This is due to the effects of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on the brain's cannabinoid receptors. Euphoria and uncontrolled laughter are typical initial reactions to cannabis use. Alteration of time sense and depersonalization are also common, as cannabis can distort one's perception of time and self. Option A (Euphoria, uncontrolled laughter) is correct because these are classic symptoms of early cannabis intoxication. Option B (Alteration of time sense, depersonalization) is also correct as these are additional symptoms commonly experienced. Option C (Sharpened vision) is incorrect as cannabis intoxication typically results in blurred vision rather than sharpened vision. In an educational context, understanding the effects of cannabis across the lifespan is crucial for healthcare professionals, especially those in pharmacology. Being able to recognize the early signs of cannabis intoxication is important for providing appropriate care and intervention. Additionally, this knowledge is essential for patient education regarding the risks and effects of cannabis use.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this question, the correct answer is C) Nitrous oxide. Nitrous oxide, also known as laughing gas, lacks sufficient potency to produce surgical anesthesia by itself. It is commonly used in combination with other inhaled or intravenous anesthetics to enhance their effects. A) Halothane is a potent inhalant anesthetic commonly used for surgical procedures. It is not the correct answer because it can produce surgical anesthesia by itself. B) Sevoflurane is a volatile anesthetic that is used for both induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. It is incorrect in this context because it is potent enough to produce surgical anesthesia on its own. D) Desflurane is another potent inhalant anesthetic used for general anesthesia. It is not the correct answer because it can produce surgical anesthesia independently. Educational Context: Understanding the potency and characteristics of different anesthetic agents is crucial in pharmacology and anesthesia practice. Knowing which inhalants require combination with other agents for surgical anesthesia helps healthcare providers make informed decisions about anesthesia administration based on patient needs and safety considerations. This knowledge is essential for nurses, nurse practitioners, anesthetists, and other healthcare professionals involved in perioperative care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this question from the Pharmacology Across the Lifespan ATI exam, the correct answer is B) Thiopental. Thiopental is an ultra-short-acting barbiturate commonly used as an intravenous anesthetic due to its rapid onset and short duration of action. Option A) Fentanyl is an opioid analgesic, not a barbiturate, and is used for pain management, not anesthesia. Option C) Midazolam is a benzodiazepine used for sedation and anxiety management, but it is not a barbiturate and does not have the ultra-short-acting properties of thiopental. Option D) Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic with unique properties different from barbiturates like thiopental. Understanding the differences between various intravenous anesthetics is crucial for nursing students and healthcare professionals to safely and effectively administer medications to patients undergoing procedures requiring anesthesia. Knowledge of pharmacological properties, onset, duration of action, and side effects of these drugs is essential for providing optimal patient care. Thiopental's rapid onset and short duration make it a valuable option in certain clinical situations, emphasizing the importance of selecting the most appropriate anesthetic based on patient needs.