ATI RN
Gastrointestinal NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Primary carcinoma is least common in:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: small intestine. Primary carcinoma is least common in the small intestine compared to the other choices. This is because the small intestine has a lower incidence of cancer compared to the esophagus, stomach, and colon. Factors contributing to this lower incidence include less exposure to carcinogens, a relatively smaller surface area, and less common inflammatory conditions that can lead to cancer development. Additionally, the small intestine has a more rapid turnover of cells, reducing the likelihood of cancerous mutations accumulating. Therefore, the small intestine is the least common site for primary carcinoma among the options provided.
Question 2 of 5
CCK:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: CCK (Cholecystokinin) is released in response to the presence of fats and proteins in the small intestine. Step 2: CCK inhibits stomach motility to allow enough time for the gallbladder to release bile. Step 3: This slowing down of stomach motility aids in the digestion and absorption of fats. Step 4: Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as CCK does not directly affect gastric secretion, pancreatic enzyme secretion, or increase pancreatic secretions rich in bicarbonate.
Question 3 of 5
Which hormone stimulates the release of digestive enzymes from the pancreas?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Cholecystokinin (CCK). CCK is produced in the small intestine in response to the presence of fats and proteins. It stimulates the release of digestive enzymes from the pancreas to aid in digestion. Insulin (A) and Glucagon (B) are involved in regulating blood sugar levels, not digestive enzyme release. Secretin (C) primarily stimulates the release of bicarbonate from the pancreas to neutralize stomach acid, not digestive enzymes.
Question 4 of 5
The muscles of the esophagus squeeze the food downward using the process of:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: peristalsis. Peristalsis is the coordinated, rhythmic muscle contractions that propel food through the esophagus and digestive tract. This process helps move food downward towards the stomach. Gravity (choice A) is not the primary mechanism for moving food through the esophagus. Rugae (choice C) refers to folds in the stomach lining, not muscle action in the esophagus. Chyme (choice D) is the partially digested food mixed with stomach acids and enzymes, not a process of moving food down the esophagus. Therefore, peristalsis is the correct answer as it accurately describes the muscle action involved in pushing food downward through the esophagus.
Question 5 of 5
Which nursing action will be included in the plan of care for a 25-yr-old male patient with a new diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Encouraging the patient to express concerns and ask questions about IBS is important for providing emotional support and promoting understanding. Step 2: This action shows empathy and fosters a therapeutic relationship, which can help the patient cope with the new diagnosis. Step 3: By expressing concerns and asking questions, the patient can gain knowledge about IBS and actively participate in their care. Step 4: This approach aligns with patient-centered care principles and empowers the patient to be involved in decision-making regarding their health. Summary: - Option B is incorrect as increasing intake of dairy products can exacerbate IBS symptoms in some individuals. - Option C is incorrect as avoiding NSAIDs is generally recommended for IBS patients due to potential gastrointestinal side effects. - Option D is incorrect as alosetron is a medication with potential serious side effects and should not be the first-line treatment for IBS.