ATI RN
ATI VATI Pharmacology Assessment Questions
Question 1 of 5
Prescribed if a patient is allergic with Penicillin:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Erythromycin is a suitable alternative for patients allergic to penicillin. Erythromycin belongs to the macrolide class of antibiotics and is effective against a wide range of bacterial infections. It is generally well-tolerated and can be used as an alternative in cases of penicillin allergy.cephalosporins, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, and aminoglycosides like gentamicin should not be prescribed to a patient with a known penicillin allergy as they can potentially cross-react and cause allergic reactions.
Question 2 of 5
An HIV-positive client who has been started on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) came back for a follow-up checkup. Which of the following will be the most helpful in determining the response to the therapy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most helpful test in determining the response to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in an HIV-positive client is a viral load test. A viral load test measures the amount of HIV in the blood by counting the number of copies of the virus present. Monitoring viral load levels over time provides vital information about how well the antiretroviral medications are working in suppressing the replication of the virus. A decrease in viral load indicates a positive response to the therapy, while an increase may suggest treatment failure or the development of drug resistance. Regular monitoring of viral load is a crucial aspect of managing HIV infection and assessing the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse administers IV morphine to a client with acute pain. Which finding requires immediate action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Morphine depresses respiration, and 8 breaths per minute signals overdose, needing immediate action (e.g., naloxone) to reverse hypoventilation. BP of 120/80 and pulse of 90 are normal. Pain at 3/10 shows relief. Respiratory depression is morphine's gravest risk, critical in acute pain where safety trumps comfort, making A the finding requiring swift response.
Question 4 of 5
A patient says, 'I have such bad seasonal allergies. Is there anything I can take to keep them from happening?' What information should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mast cell stabilizers prevent histamine release . Decongestants relieve, not prevent. C offers proactive prevention, making it key.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse provides patient teaching for a patient who has a new order for nadolol (Corgard) to treat hypertension. What statement by the patient concerning nadolol (Corgard) would indicate that the teaching has been effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A patient receiving an adrenergic blocker must be aware that abruptly stopping the medication may result in a serious reaction. When changing medications or discontinuing their use, these drugs need to be tapered off gradually. This drug is not associated with photophobia or the anticholinergic effect of dry mouth. If the teaching were effective, the patient would be aware that he would need to continue lifestyle modifications, including diet and exercise.