ATI RN
Endocrine System in Pediatrics Questions
Question 1 of 5
Precocious puberty is defined by all of the following EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ectopic gonadotropin production is a cause, not a defining feature, of precocious puberty.
Question 2 of 5
All of the following are associated with hypocalcemia EXCEPT
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Maternal hyperparathyroidism causes neonatal hypercalcemia, not hypocalcemia; others lead to low calcium.
Question 3 of 5
Hyperglycemia during diabetic ketoacidosis may be associated with
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hyponatremia occurs in DKA due to osmotic shifts from hyperglycemia.
Question 4 of 5
A 5-year-old boy develops vomiting and abdominal pain with signs of dehydration. He has been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus since the age of 4 year and he is on insulin therapy since that time. Of the following, the sign that differentiate this condition from gastroenteritis is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tachypnea in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) reflects compensatory hyperventilation due to acidosis, distinguishing it from gastroenteritis. Polyuria (A) and polydipsia (B) are chronic DM symptoms, while tenderness (C) and altered status (E) are nonspecific.
Question 5 of 5
Type 2 DM can be managed with lifestyle modifications, including nutrition therapy, increased exercise, and oral hypoglycemic agent (metformin); however, insulin therapy is necessary in special circumstances. Of the following, insulin treatment is required when there is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In type 2 DM, insulin is required when ketonuria indicates significant insulin deficiency or decompensation, beyond lifestyle or metformin control. Hyperglycemia (A, B) may be managed otherwise, and hyperkalemia (C) or hypophosphatemia (D) are not direct triggers.