Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Population structure is a diagram that presents the distribution of a population based on age and sex. It is typically displayed in a pyramid-like style format, with the horizontal axis showing the age groups and the vertical axis showing the percentage or number of individuals in each age group, divided by sex. This helps to visualize how the population is distributed in terms of age and sex, providing important insights into demographic trends, such as age dependency ratio and potential future trends in population growth or decline. Age and sex are the key demographic variables used to construct a population structure diagram.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The most appropriate nursing action in this scenario is to notify the healthcare provider immediately. The client's presentation of calf pain, swelling, and warmth could be indicative of a deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which is a serious condition that requires prompt evaluation and intervention by the healthcare provider. DVT is a blood clot that forms in a deep vein, often in the leg, and if left untreated, it can lead to life-threatening complications such as pulmonary embolism. Therefore, timely communication with the healthcare provider is critical to ensure that the client receives the appropriate diagnostic testing and treatment to address the potential DVT. Applying warm compresses, encouraging ambulation, or administering NSAIDs would not be the first-line interventions for a suspected DVT and may even worsen the condition.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The best response of Nurse Virgo is to explain to Patient Benito that his body needs to function well with his pancreas. The pancreas plays a critical role in the digestive system by producing digestive enzymes and hormones that help regulate blood sugar levels. Removing the pancreas would result in serious health consequences and complications, as the body relies on it for essential functions. It is important for the patient to understand the significance of the pancreas and why its removal is not a viable solution.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this situation, the principle of justice is being observed by the supervisor, Ms. Cruz. Justice in healthcare ethics involves fairness and equality in the distribution of resources, including the allocation of staff to provide care. By prioritizing the allocation of nurses to the PRIORITY wards to ensure that essential care is delivered despite the shortage caused by the Jeepney strike, Ms. Cruz is upholding the principle of justice by ensuring that each patient receives equal and fair access to healthcare services. This decision aligns with the ethical responsibility to provide care in a just and fair manner.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When a patient is at risk of falls due to an impaired gait, a physical therapist would be the most appropriate member of the multidisciplinary team for the nurse to collaborate with. Physical therapists specialize in improving mobility, balance, and coordination through exercises, gait training, and other interventions. They can assess the patient's gait pattern, strength, and balance, and develop a personalized plan to address the impairments contributing to the fall risk. By working closely with a physical therapist, the nurse can help the patient improve their gait and reduce the risk of falls, ultimately promoting safety and independence.