ATI RN
Adaptive Immune System Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Polyclonal antibodies made in response to a given antigen will be:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why Answer D is correct: 1. Polyclonal antibodies are produced by multiple B cell clones in response to an antigen (Choice A). 2. These antibodies have varying affinities due to the diversity of B cell clones involved (Choice B). 3. Different antibody classes, such as IgM, IgG, IgA, etc., are produced by different B cells (Choice C). 4. Therefore, all options are correct as polyclonal antibodies exhibit these characteristics.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse determines that a patient has long-term immunity against a disease. Which part of the immune system should the nurse recognize is responsible for this patient's long-term immunity?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: IgG. IgG is an immunoglobulin that provides long-term immunity by recognizing and neutralizing pathogens. It is produced by plasma cells in response to an infection, allowing the body to remember the pathogen and mount a quicker and more effective immune response upon re-exposure. IgE is involved in allergic reactions, not long-term immunity. Mast cells are involved in allergic responses and inflammation, not long-term immunity. Plasma cells produce antibodies, including IgG, but the plasma cells themselves are not responsible for long-term immunity.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is reinforcing teaching to a person being tested for HIV in a clinic. Which test should the nurse explain is done first in HIV testing?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: ELISA test. The ELISA test is typically the initial screening test for HIV due to its high sensitivity in detecting HIV antibodies. It is cost-effective and quick. Western blot test is a confirmatory test used if ELISA is positive. Viral load studies monitor the progression of the disease but are not typically done first. Rheumatoid factor test is unrelated to HIV testing. Therefore, the ELISA test is the most appropriate initial step in HIV testing.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following characteristics do not occur in prokaryotic cells?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: thylakoid membranes within chloroplasts. Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles like chloroplasts, where thylakoid membranes are found. This is a key feature of prokaryotic cells. Choices A, C, and D are characteristics that can occur in prokaryotic cells. Cellular organization is present in prokaryotic cells, oxygenic photosynthesis can be carried out by some prokaryotic organisms, and prokaryotic cells can perform anaerobic respiration.
Question 5 of 5
When comparing the types of viruses that infect bacteria, plants, and vertebrate animals, what trends appear from bacterial to vertebrate viral groups?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: more enveloped forms. This trend can be explained by the complexity of host organisms. Bacteria have simple cell structures, making enveloped viruses less common. As we move from bacteria to plants and vertebrate animals, the complexity of host cells increases, leading to a higher prevalence of enveloped viruses. This trend is due to the need for enveloped viruses to evade the host's immune system and facilitate entry into host cells. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not consider the relationship between virus structure and host complexity.