ATI RN
FNP Pediatric Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Pneumocystic pneumonia. Which anemias are described as microcytic, hypochromic anemia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Microcytic, hypochromic anemia is characterized by small red blood cells with decreased hemoglobin content. Iron deficiency anemia and thalassemia are the two main types of anemia that present with these characteristics. Iron deficiency anemia is caused by a lack of iron in the body, which is essential for the production of hemoglobin. Thalassemia is a genetic disorder that results in decreased production of normal hemoglobin. Both conditions lead to small, pale red blood cells, fitting the description of microcytic, hypochromic anemia. Other choices such as Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia (choice A), folic acid deficiency anemia (choice B), sickle cell anemia (choice D), and anemia of chronic disease (choice D) typically present as normocytic or macrocytic anemias.
Question 2 of 5
While assessing a newborn infant for developmental hip dysplasia (DDH), the nurse evaluates which of the following signs as indicating the presence of DDH?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In developmental hip dysplasia (DDH), one knee appearing lower than the other when both legs are flexed indicates a possible dislocated hip joint or hip dysplasia. This finding is known as the Galeazzi sign and is often used as a clinical indicator for DDH in newborn infants. It suggests a discrepancy in leg lengths due to hip instability or malformation. Therefore, this sign is important in helping to diagnose DDH and initiating appropriate interventions early on.
Question 3 of 5
Laboratory findings consistent with acute glomerulonephritis include all of the following except :
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acute glomerulonephritis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidneys, leading to kidney dysfunction. Common laboratory findings consistent with acute glomerulonephritis include hematuria (blood in the urine), proteinuria (protein in the urine), and white cell casts (indicative of inflammation in the kidney tubules). Polyuria, which refers to excessive urination, is not a typical laboratory finding associated with acute glomerulonephritis. Instead, patients with acute glomerulonephritis often present with oliguria or reduced urine output due to impaired kidney function. Therefore, polyuria is not consistent with the typical laboratory findings of acute glomerulonephritis.
Question 4 of 5
a school-age child is admitted in vaso-occlusive sickle cell crisis. the child's care should include which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In a vaso-occlusive sickle cell crisis, it is crucial to focus on adequate hydration and pain management. Hydration is essential to prevent further sickling of red blood cells, which can exacerbate tissue damage and pain. Pain management is a key aspect of care as vaso-occlusive crises often cause severe pain that requires prompt and effective treatment. Administering heparin is not indicated in a vaso-occlusive sickle cell crisis as it is primarily used for conditions like deep vein thrombosis. Correcting acidosis and replacing factor VIII are also not typically part of the management of a vaso-occlusive sickle cell crisis.
Question 5 of 5
the vital sign that the nurse should most certainly check before administering digoxin is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Before administering digoxin, it is crucial for the nurse to check the patient's pulse rate. Digoxin is a medication commonly used to treat heart conditions such as atrial fibrillation and heart failure by increasing the strength and efficiency of the heart's contractions. However, digoxin can also cause adverse effects such as bradycardia (slow heart rate) or heart block. Therefore, it is important to assess the patient's pulse rate to ensure that it is within the safe range before administering digoxin.