ATI RN
Multiple Choice Questions About Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Pinnaglobin is a brown coloured blood pigment present in the plasma of the mollusk Pinna. It contains
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Copper. Pinnaglobin is a copper-containing blood pigment found in the plasma of the mollusk Pinna. Copper ions are essential for the formation of this pigment. Iron (Choice A), Manganese (Choice C), and Vanadium (Choice D) are not typically found in Pinnaglobin. Iron is commonly associated with hemoglobin in vertebrates, while manganese and vanadium do not play a significant role in mollusk blood pigments. Therefore, the presence of copper in Pinnaglobin makes Choice B the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
A medical patient rings her call bell and expresses alarm to the nurse, stating, 'I've just coughed up this blood. That can't be good, can it?' How can the nurse best determine whether the source of the blood was the patient's lungs?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Try to see if the blood is frothy or mixed with mucus. By observing if the blood is frothy or mixed with mucus, the nurse can determine if the source is more likely to be from the lungs, as blood from the lungs is often frothy due to air mixing with it during coughing. This observation helps differentiate between blood coming from the respiratory tract versus other sources in the body. Incorrect choices: A: Testing the pH of the blood does not directly indicate the source of the blood in this context. C: Performing oral suctioning may not provide accurate information about the source of the blood. D: Swabbing the back of the throat may not help determine if the blood is coming from the lungs as it could be from other sources in the upper respiratory tract.
Question 3 of 5
Lungs are held tightly to the wall of the thorax due to
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the surface tension of the pleural fluid creates a cohesive force that keeps the lungs adhered to the thoracic wall. This, combined with the negative pressure in the pleural cavity, creates a vacuum effect that maintains the lungs' position. A) The diaphragm and intercostal muscle contractions help with breathing but do not directly secure the lungs to the thorax. B) Tight junctions between the lungs and thorax do not play a significant role in holding the lungs in place. D) Atmospheric pressure does not hold the lungs against the thoracic wall; rather, it helps with breathing by aiding in lung expansion and contraction.
Question 4 of 5
At a PO2 of 70 mm Hg and normal temperature and pH, hemoglobin is ________ percent saturated with oxygen.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D (more than 90). At a PO2 of 70 mm Hg, hemoglobin is more than 90% saturated with oxygen due to the high oxygen affinity of hemoglobin at this partial pressure. Hemoglobin exhibits near-maximal saturation at this level, promoting efficient oxygen binding and transport. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not accurately reflect the high oxygen saturation levels associated with a PO2 of 70 mm Hg.
Question 5 of 5
The Hering-Breuer reflex
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the Hering-Breuer reflex is a protective mechanism that prevents lung damage from overinflation by inhibiting inspiration. When the lungs are at risk of overinflation, stretch receptors in the lung tissue send signals to the brainstem to reduce or stop inspiration, preventing excessive stretching of the alveoli. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as the Hering-Breuer reflex is not involved in changes in blood pressure, PO2, or PCO2 regulation.