Pick out the parenteral route of medicinal agent administration:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Inhalation. Parenteral administration involves delivering medications directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system. Inhalation allows the medication to enter the bloodstream through the lungs, making it a parenteral route. Rectal (A), oral (B), and sublingual (C) routes all involve absorption through the digestive system, so they are not considered parenteral routes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cocaine. Cocaine is only used for surface or topical anesthesia due to its potent vasoconstrictive properties and high potential for systemic toxicity. It is not suitable for deeper anesthesia due to its side effects. Tetracaine, Mepivacaine, and Lidocaine can be used for both surface and deeper anesthesia, unlike Cocaine.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Benztropine is the correct answer as it acts as both a muscarinic and nicotinic blocker. Benztropine primarily blocks muscarinic receptors, leading to decreased parasympathetic activity. It also has some nicotinic blocking effects, particularly at higher doses. Atropine (choice A) is a muscarinic antagonist only, while Hexamethonium (choice C) and Succinylcholine (choice D) are nicotinic antagonists only.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tubocurarine. Tubocurarine is a non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker that can cause hypotension and bronchospasm as side effects due to its mechanism of action on nicotinic receptors. A: Vecuronium is a non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker but is less likely to cause hypotension and bronchospasm. B: Succinylcholine is a depolarizing neuromuscular blocker and does not typically cause hypotension and bronchospasm. D: Rapacuronium is a neuromuscular blocker that was withdrawn from the market due to the risk of severe bronchospasm.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because salmeterol does not stimulate heart rate, contractility, or cardiac output. Salmeterol is a long-acting beta2 agonist that primarily acts on the bronchial smooth muscles to provide bronchodilation in conditions like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Choice A is incorrect because salmeterol is indeed a potent selective beta2 agonist. Choice B is also incorrect as salmeterol does not cause uterine relaxation. Choice D is incorrect as salmeterol is commonly used in the therapy of asthma to provide long-term symptom control.