ATI RN
Central Nervous System Stimulants and Related Drugs NCLEX Style Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Phenytoin sodium
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Phenytoin is used in arrhythmias to suppress ventricular automaticity without significantly affecting AV conduction.
Question 2 of 5
A 42-year-old man is diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. He has tried diet and exercise without success. A second-generation sulfonylurea agent is prescribed. Which of the following is the most likely side effect he will experience?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Second-generation sulfonylureas (e.g., glimepiride, choice A) cause hypoglycemia by stimulating insulin release, a common side effect. Lactic acidosis (choice B) is Metformin-related, myositis (choice C) and pruritus (choice D) aren't typical. Hypoglycemia requires monitoring.
Question 3 of 5
The mechanism of action of barbiturates differs from that of benzodiazepines in that they
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Barbiturates directly mimic GABA at high doses and enhance its action at lower doses unlike benzodiazepines.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following molecular actions most likely mediated the analgesic effect of morphine in the patient with multiple fractures?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The opening of K+ channels on postsynaptic neurons is a key molecular action that mediates the analgesic effect of opioids like morphine. This action leads to hyperpolarization of the neuron, reducing its excitability and inhibiting pain transmission. Therefore, in a patient with severe pain due to multiple fractures, the opening of K+ channels by morphine would be the most likely mechanism responsible for the analgesic effect.
Question 5 of 5
What is true of risperidone?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic that blocks both dopamine and serotonin receptors with minimal extrapyramidal effects.