Phenobarbital (luminal) is given to a client for a short treatment of anxiety. Which of the following results would indicate a therapeutic serum range of the medication?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The therapeutic serum range for phenobarbital (luminal) when used for anxiety is typically between 5-10 mcg/ml. This range is considered effective in controlling anxiety symptoms while minimizing the risk of toxicity. Higher serum levels (options B, C, D) may increase the risk of adverse effects such as sedation, respiratory depression, and overdose. Therefore, monitoring the serum levels of phenobarbital is essential to ensure the medication is at a therapeutic range for the intended treatment.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Packed red blood cells (RBCs) are used to treat anemia, a condition characterized by a low red blood cell count or hemoglobin level. Anemia can result from blood loss, chronic disease, or nutritional deficiencies. Thrombocytopenia and leukopenia involve low platelet and white blood cell counts, respectively, and are not treated with RBC transfusions. Hypoalbuminemia involves low albumin levels and requires albumin infusions, not RBCs. Therefore, anemia is the correct indication for this therapy.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Central venous access devices are beneficial in pediatric therapy because they provide a reliable and convenient access point for administering medications, fluids, and blood products without restricting the use of a child's arms. This allows children to move freely and participate in activities while receiving necessary treatments, enhancing their comfort and quality of life.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Idiosyncratic reactions to drugs refer to individual responses that cannot be explained by known mechanisms or understood pharmacological properties of the drug. These reactions are typically unpredictable and uncommon. Unlike allergic reactions that involve a specific immune response, idiosyncratic reactions are unique to the individual and may not be fully understood. Side effects, on the other hand, are known and expected effects of a drug, while teratogenic effects are related to drug exposure during pregnancy causing harm to the fetus.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Erectile dysfunction drugs like Viagra (sildenafil), Cialis (tadalafil), and Levitra (vardenafil) are contraindicated with Nitroglycerin. Both Nitroglycerin and erectile dysfunction drugs work by lowering blood pressure. When taken together, they can cause a significant drop in blood pressure leading to dizziness, fainting, and even serious complications like low blood pressure and decreased oxygen supply to the heart. Therefore, it is important to avoid using these medications together to prevent potential harm.