PHACE syndrome denotto the following EXCEPT

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: PHACE syndrome includposterior fossa malformations , hemangiomas , arterial anomali(coarctation, D), and eye abnormaliti. Anal anomaliare not part of PHACE; A in PHACE stands for arterial, not anal. This acronym-based distinction makes C the exception and correct answer, as it falls outside the syndromdefined features.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Scaphocephaly , from sagittal suture closure, is the most common craniosynostosis (~50% of cases), causing a long, narrow skull. Frontal and occipital plagiocephaly involve coronal or lambdoid sutures, while trigonocephaly is metopic. Sagittal predominance, per epidemiology, makes C the correct answer.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Lower serum sodium increasfebrile seizure recurrence risk by lowering seizure threshold via hyponatremias effect on neuronal excitability. Potassium , chloride , calcium , and magnesium imbalancare less linked. Studi(e.g., Pediatrics) highlight sodiums role, making A the correct answer.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The ketogenic diet, high in fats, is contraindicated in primary carnitine deficiency , as defective carnitine impairs fat metabolism, risking metabolic crisis. Myoclonic-astatic epilepsy , tuberous sclerosis , Rett syndrome , and infantile spasms benefit from it. Carnitincritical role makes A the correct answer.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Subtle seizurin neonatinclude blinking , mouthing , heart rate chang, and apnea , reflecting autonomic or minor motor signs. Hypotension episodare not a seizure feature; theyre systemic, not neurologic. This distinction seizure versus effect makes D the exception and correct answer.