ATI RN
NCLEX Practice Questions Cardiovascular System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Peripheral resistance is maximum in:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Arterioles (C) have the highest resistance due to small diameter and smooth muscle control (Poiseuille’s law). Aorta (A) and arteries (B) have less, veins (D) minimal.
Question 2 of 5
Identify the pouch-like structure that increases the total filling capacity of the atrium.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The auricle is a pouch-like extension of the atrium, increasing its capacity. Ventricle (A) is a chamber, coronary sulcus (B) is a groove, fossa ovalis (C) is a fetal remnant, and interatrial septum (D) divides atria.
Question 3 of 5
During which of the following periods does the largest volume of blood enter the arteries?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ventricular systole (D) ejects the largest volume into arteries (~70 ml/beat). Diastole (A, B) fills chambers, atrial systole (C) adds ~20% to ventricular filling.
Question 4 of 5
If the sinoatrial node is setting the pace for the heartbeat, it will usually be:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The SA node typically sets a resting rate of 70-75 bpm (B) under vagal tone, though its intrinsic rate is ~100 bpm.
Question 5 of 5
Another name for the left AV valve
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The left AV valve is the mitral valve (B), also called bicuspid. Tricuspid (A) is right AV, pulmonary (C) and aortic (D) are semilunar.