ATI RN
The Hematologic System ATI Questions
Question 1 of 4
Peripheral bl. Picture is most useful in:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: CML. Peripheral blood picture is most useful in diagnosing CML due to the characteristic presence of increased mature and immature granulocytes, especially neutrophils, in the blood smear. This finding is known as a "left-shift" and is a hallmark of CML. In contrast, NHL (choice A) primarily involves lymphocytes, multiple myeloma (choice B) is characterized by abnormal plasma cells, and myelodysplastic syndrome (choice C) typically presents with dysplastic changes in blood cell precursors. Therefore, based on the specific blood cell findings, CML is the most likely diagnosis when observing a peripheral blood picture.
Question 2 of 4
An emergency department nurse is triaging a 77-year-old man who presents with uncharacteristic fatigue as well as back and rib pain. The patient denies any recent injuries. The nurse should recognize the need for this patient to be assessed for what health problem?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Multiple Myeloma. This condition commonly presents with symptoms such as fatigue, back pain, and rib pain due to bone involvement. In older adults, these symptoms should raise suspicion for multiple myeloma, a type of cancer that affects plasma cells in the bone marrow. The nurse should assess for further signs such as anemia, hypercalcemia, renal impairment, and bone lesions. Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma usually present with lymphadenopathy rather than bone pain. Acute Thrombocytopenia would present with symptoms related to low platelet count, such as bruising or bleeding, not fatigue and bone pain.
Question 3 of 4
Diagnostic testing has resulted in a diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in an adult patient who is otherwise healthy. The patient and the care team have collaborated and the patient will soon begin induction therapy. The nurse should prepare the patient for which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: An aggressive course of chemotherapy. For AML, induction therapy typically involves aggressive chemotherapy to achieve remission. This approach aims to rapidly reduce the number of leukemia cells in the body. Targeted treatment medications are not the standard first-line therapy for AML. Radiation therapy is not commonly used as a primary treatment for AML. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is usually considered after achieving remission with chemotherapy as a consolidation therapy. Therefore, preparing the patient for an aggressive course of chemotherapy aligns with the standard treatment approach for AML.
Question 4 of 4
A nurse is caring for a patient who is being treated for leukemia in the hospital. The patient was able to maintain her nutritional status for the first few weeks following her diagnosis but is now exhibiting early signs and symptoms of malnutrition. In collaboration with the dietitian, the nurse should implement what intervention?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Provide the patient with several small, soft-textured meals each day. This intervention is appropriate because it focuses on improving the patient's nutritional intake through easily digestible meals, which can help address early signs of malnutrition. Small, soft-textured meals are easier for the patient to eat, especially if they are experiencing symptoms like mouth sores or difficulty swallowing. This approach also promotes regular intake of nutrients throughout the day, which can be more beneficial than relying solely on one large meal. Incorrect answers: A: Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is typically reserved for patients who cannot tolerate oral or enteral nutrition. It is not the first-line intervention for early signs of malnutrition. B: Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube placement is usually considered for patients who are unable to eat orally in the long term. It is not indicated for early signs of malnutrition. D: Assigning responsibility for the patient's nutrition to friends and