ATI RN
The Hematologic System ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
Peripheral bl. Picture is most useful in:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: CML. Peripheral blood picture is most useful in CML because it typically shows increased white blood cell count with left shift, basophilia, and presence of the Philadelphia chromosome. In contrast, A (NHL) primarily involves lymph nodes, B (multiple myeloma) shows monoclonal protein in serum/bone marrow, and C (myelodysplastic syndrome) presents with cytopenias and dysplastic changes in blood cells. Therefore, based on the specific findings seen in CML on peripheral blood, it is the most appropriate choice.
Question 2 of 5
An emergency department nurse is triaging a 77-year-old man who presents with uncharacteristic fatigue as well as back and rib pain. The patient denies any recent injuries. The nurse should recognize the need for this patient to be assessed for what health problem?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Multiple Myeloma. In this case, the patient's age, symptoms of fatigue, back, and rib pain without recent injuries are indicative of multiple myeloma. This condition is a type of cancer that affects plasma cells in the bone marrow, leading to bone pain and fatigue. Hodgkin disease and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma typically present with lymph node enlargement rather than back and rib pain. Acute Thrombocytopenia would present with symptoms related to low platelet levels such as bleeding tendencies, not back and rib pain.
Question 3 of 5
Diagnostic testing has resulted in a diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in an adult patient who is otherwise healthy. The patient and the care team have collaborated and the patient will soon begin induction therapy. The nurse should prepare the patient for which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: An aggressive course of chemotherapy. In the treatment of AML, induction therapy typically involves a combination of chemotherapy drugs to achieve remission. Chemotherapy targets rapidly dividing cancer cells in the bone marrow. This approach aims to eradicate leukemic cells and allow normal blood cell production to resume. Daily treatment with targeted medications (choice A) is not typically the first-line approach for AML. Radiation therapy (choice B) is not commonly used in the induction phase of AML treatment. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (choice C) is a treatment option for certain cases of AML but is usually considered after achieving remission with chemotherapy. Therefore, the most appropriate preparation for the patient in this scenario is to expect an aggressive course of chemotherapy to begin induction therapy.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient who is being treated for leukemia in the hospital. The patient was able to maintain her nutritional status for the first few weeks following her diagnosis but is now exhibiting early signs and symptoms of malnutrition. In collaboration with the dietitian, the nurse should implement what intervention?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Provide the patient with several small, soft-textured meals each day. This intervention is appropriate for the patient showing early signs of malnutrition as it aims to increase the patient's nutrient intake in a manageable way. Small, soft-textured meals are easier for the patient to consume and digest, promoting better absorption of nutrients. This approach also aligns with the principle of promoting oral intake whenever possible before resorting to more invasive measures like TPN or PEG tube placement. Incorrect choices: A: Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is typically reserved for patients who cannot tolerate oral feeding at all or have significant malabsorption issues. B: Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube placement is usually considered if the patient cannot meet their nutritional needs orally in the long term. D: Assigning responsibility for the patient's nutrition to friends and family is not a sustainable or appropriate solution for addressing malnutrition in a hospitalized patient.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic stable angina. The nurse should identify that which of the following drugs inhibits the action of adenosine diphosphate receptors (ADP) on platelets and can be prescribed to reduce the client's risk for myocardial infarction?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: 1. Clopidogrel inhibits ADP receptors on platelets, reducing platelet aggregation and clot formation. 2. By reducing platelet aggregation, clopidogrel decreases the risk of myocardial infarction in patients with chronic stable angina. 3. Heparin acts by inhibiting thrombin and factor Xa, not ADP receptors. 4. Warfarin inhibits vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, not ADP receptors. 5. Alteplase is a thrombolytic agent that dissolves blood clots, not an ADP receptor inhibitor.