ATI RN
Genitourinary Review of Systems Questions
Question 1 of 5
Patients with nephrolithiasis or kidney stones need to increase fluid intake. This is to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Help flush the stones through the urinary tract. Increasing fluid intake can help dilute the urine, preventing stone formation and aiding in the passage of existing stones. Adequate hydration promotes frequent urination, which can help flush out the stones and reduce the risk of complications. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. A: Concentrating the urine can actually exacerbate stone formation. C: Struvite crystals are not typically formed in nephrolithiasis. D: Breaking down stones requires medical intervention, not just increased fluid intake.
Question 2 of 5
You are providing care for a patient with reflex urinary incontinence. Which action is appropriately delegated to the new LPN/LVN?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because demonstrating how to perform intermittent self-catheterization is within the scope of practice for an LPN/LVN. This task involves a specific skill set that can be taught and supervised by the LPN/LVN. It is essential for managing reflex urinary incontinence and maintaining bladder function. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because teaching the patient bladder emptying by the Credé method (A) and discussing the side effects of bethanechol chloride (C) are tasks that require a higher level of nursing education and knowledge. Reinforcing the importance of proper handwashing (D) is a basic nursing task that can be performed by a nursing assistant or other unlicensed assistive personnel.
Question 3 of 5
What is a factor that contributes to an increased incidence of urinary tract infections in aging women?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale for Choice C (Correct Answer): 1. Aging causes relaxation of pelvic floor and bladder muscles. 2. This relaxation can lead to incomplete emptying of the bladder. 3. Residual urine in the bladder can increase the risk of UTIs. 4. Therefore, relaxation of pelvic floor and bladder muscles contributes to increased UTI incidence. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: Length of the urethra - Longer urethra typically reduces UTI risk by providing more distance for bacteria to travel. B: Larger capacity of bladder - Larger bladder capacity does not directly increase UTI risk. D: Tight muscular support at the urinary sphincter - Tight support does not directly impact UTI risk; relaxation is the key factor.
Question 4 of 5
While caring for a 77-year-old woman who has a urinary catheter, the nurse monitors the patient for the development of a UTI. What clinical manifestations is the patient most likely to experience?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cloudy urine and fever. UTI in a patient with a urinary catheter may present with cloudy urine due to pus or bacteria, and fever due to infection. Urethral burning and bloody urine (B) are more indicative of urethritis or bladder trauma. Vague abdominal discomfort and disorientation (C) are not specific to UTI. Suprapubic pain and slight decline in body temperature (D) are less likely with UTI.
Question 5 of 5
When caring for the patient with interstitial cystitis, what can the nurse teach the patient to do?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Calcium glycerophosphate (Prelief) is a dietary supplement that helps decrease bladder irritation in patients with interstitial cystitis. It works by reducing the acidity of foods and beverages that can irritate the bladder. This can help alleviate symptoms such as bladder pain and urgency. Avoiding foods that make the urine more alkaline (choice A) is not recommended for patients with interstitial cystitis as it can worsen symptoms. Using high-potency vitamin therapy (choice B) to decrease autoimmune effects is not a standard treatment for interstitial cystitis. Keeping a voiding diary (choice C) is helpful for tracking symptoms but does not directly address bladder irritation like calcium glycerophosphate does.