Patients with a history of osteoporosis have an increased risk for

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) Fracture formation. Patients with a history of osteoporosis have an increased risk of fractures due to the weakened and porous nature of their bones. Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by low bone density and increased bone fragility, making individuals more susceptible to fractures, especially in weight-bearing bones like the hip, spine, and wrist. Option A) Infection in the bone is not directly related to osteoporosis. Osteomyelitis, or bone infection, is more commonly associated with factors such as trauma, surgery, or compromised immune function. Option B) Peripheral blood clot formation is not a typical risk associated with osteoporosis. Blood clot formation is more commonly linked to conditions like deep vein thrombosis or atherosclerosis. Option C) Painful joint inflammation is not a direct consequence of osteoporosis. Joint inflammation is more commonly seen in conditions like arthritis, which affect the synovial joints rather than the bone density itself. Educational Context: Understanding the complications associated with osteoporosis is crucial for healthcare professionals, especially those preparing for the NCLEX exam. Recognizing the increased risk of fractures in individuals with osteoporosis is essential for providing appropriate care and preventive measures to reduce the likelihood of bone injuries. This knowledge helps in promoting patient safety and quality of life for individuals with this condition.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) Caution the client against discontinuing the prescribed drugs. This instruction is crucial because even though the client is feeling better, stopping the prescribed medication prematurely can lead to a relapse or worsening of the disease. It is important for the client to complete the full course of medication as prescribed by their healthcare provider to ensure optimal recovery and prevent complications. Option A) Advise the client to reduce the dosage of the prescribed drugs is incorrect because altering the dosage without consulting a healthcare provider can be dangerous and may compromise the effectiveness of the treatment. Option C) Encouraging the client to resume heavy activity is incorrect as it can put unnecessary stress on the bones and hinder the healing process. Gradual return to activities should be advised based on the healthcare provider's recommendations. Option D) Encouraging the client to gain weight is also incorrect as it is not directly related to the management of a bone disease unless specifically indicated by the healthcare provider for a particular condition. In an educational context, this question highlights the importance of medication compliance in the management of chronic diseases like bone disorders. Nurses play a crucial role in patient education by providing clear instructions and reinforcing the importance of following the prescribed treatment plan to achieve the best outcomes for the client's health.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Frontal lobe. The inability to speak is a classic symptom of Broca's aphasia, which is commonly associated with lesions in the frontal lobe of the brain. The frontal lobe is responsible for speech production and language processing. Damage to this area can result in expressive language deficits like the inability to form words or sentences. Option B) Occipital lobe is responsible for visual processing, so a tumor in this area would not typically cause speech difficulties. Option C) Cerebellum plays a role in coordination and balance, not speech production. Option D) Parietal lobe is involved in sensory perception and spatial awareness, not speech. Educationally, understanding the localization of brain functions is crucial for healthcare professionals, especially nurses preparing for the NCLEX. Knowing the specific areas of the brain associated with different functions helps in assessing and caring for patients with neurological conditions. This knowledge aids in identifying potential issues, providing appropriate interventions, and collaborating effectively with the healthcare team to ensure optimal patient outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, option B is the correct answer: "There is redness around the pin sites." This finding should be reported immediately because it could indicate an infection at the pin sites, which can lead to serious complications such as osteomyelitis or sepsis. In a patient with a fractured fibula receiving skeletal traction, any signs of infection must be addressed promptly to prevent further harm. Option A, "The patient wants to change position in bed," is not as urgent as redness around the pin sites. While repositioning is important for patient comfort and prevention of complications like pressure ulcers, it does not indicate an immediate threat to the patient's health in this context. Option C, "The patient asks for a glass of water," and option D, "The patient mentions feeling hungry," are basic care needs that can be addressed after ensuring the patient's safety and addressing any potential complications like infection. These requests do not indicate an urgent issue that requires immediate attention in the context of a fractured fibula with skeletal traction. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of recognizing and prioritizing patient care needs based on the urgency of the situation. It underscores the significance of prompt reporting and intervention in cases where complications such as infections can arise, particularly in patients with orthopedic injuries under traction. Nurses and nursing assistants must be vigilant in monitoring for changes in patients' conditions to provide timely and effective care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) Apply insect repellant to clothing and exposed skin. Rationale: Insect bites can lead to discomfort, itching, and even potential infections. Applying insect repellant is an effective way to prevent insect bites by creating a barrier between the skin and insects. This advice is crucial to prevent the recurrence of insect bites, especially when individuals are outdoors where they are more likely to encounter insects. Option A) Preventing strenuous exercises by the client when outdoors is not directly related to preventing insect bites. While resting may reduce the likelihood of attracting insects due to sweat and increased body heat, it is not a primary preventive measure against insect bites. Option C) Wearing thick woolen clothing to cover the skin while outdoors may provide some protection against insect bites, but it is not as effective as using insect repellant. Thick clothing may also not be suitable for warm weather or outdoor activities where mobility is important. Option D) Avoiding daily baths to the client with soaps is not a recommended practice for preventing insect bites. Maintaining good hygiene through regular bathing is important for overall skin health but does not directly prevent insect bites. Educational Context: As a nurse, it is essential to educate individuals on preventive measures to safeguard their health. Providing accurate information on how to prevent insect bites is crucial in promoting wellness and preventing potential complications. By understanding the rationale behind each option, nurses can effectively educate patients on the most appropriate strategies to protect themselves from insect bites, ultimately improving patient outcomes.