Patients like Emmy who have experienced delayed hypersensivity to latex FREQUENTLY complains of ______.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Patients like Emmy who have experienced delayed hypersensitivity to latex typically present with symptoms such as rhinitis (runny or stuffy nose) and conjunctivitis (inflammation of the eyes). In addition, delayed hypersensitivity reactions often involve skin manifestations, such as blisters. These symptoms are reflective of the inflammatory response triggered by exposure to latex in individuals with delayed hypersensitivity. Symptoms like flushing, bronchospasm, urticaria, laryngeal edema, papules, vesicles, and pruritus are more commonly associated with immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions rather than delayed hypersensitivity reactions in latex-sensitive individuals.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The patient mentioned in the scenario presents with delayed puberty, short stature, and a childlike appearance. These symptoms are indicative of growth hormone deficiency (GHD). GHD is a condition where the pituitary gland does not produce enough growth hormone, which is crucial for normal growth and development.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The signs reported by the patient, such as feeling nauseated, restless, sweating excessively, fatigue, and increased hunger, are indicative of hypoglycemia, which is characterized by low blood sugar levels. In individuals with hypoglycemia, these symptoms can occur when the blood glucose levels drop too low, leading to disturbances in the body's energy supply. This is common in individuals who may have experienced episodes of low blood sugar, especially if they have a history of diabetes or are taking medications that lower blood sugar levels. Diabetic nephropathy, hyperglycemia, and diabetic retinopathy are conditions associated with high blood sugar levels and are not consistent with the symptoms described by the patient.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Following total hip arthroplasty (THA), patients are at an increased risk of developing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) due to factors such as immobility, surgery-related vascular damage, and hypercoagulability. DVT refers to the formation of blood clots in the deep veins, typically in the lower extremities. These clots can break loose and travel to the lungs, causing a potentially life-threatening condition called pulmonary embolism (PE). Therefore, monitoring for signs and symptoms of DVT is crucial in the immediate postoperative period to promptly detect and prevent the development of complications such as PE. Common signs of DVT include leg swelling, pain, warmth, and redness. Additionally, healthcare providers may employ preventive measures such as early ambulation, compression stockings, and anticoagulant therapy to reduce the risk of DVT post-THA surgery.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The most appropriate question to ask during the assessment of a newly admitted Person Who Uses Drugs (PWUDs) like Korino is to ask about the amount of drug used, its effects, and how long he has been using. This question provides valuable information for treatment planning and understanding the extent of Korino's drug use. By asking about the specific details of his drug use, the nurse can assess the severity of the addiction, potential health risks, and the duration of substance abuse. This information is crucial for developing an individualized treatment plan and providing appropriate care for Korino's needs. Asking open-ended questions about drug use also helps build rapport and trust between the nurse and the patient, which is essential for effective treatment.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Digitalis therapy, commonly prescribed for heart conditions, is known for its narrow therapeutic range and potential for toxicity. In the case of Patient Lily, who has been on digitalis therapy since she was pregnant, the nurse would anticipate the continuation of the same dosage to maintain the therapeutic effects and reduce the risks of toxicity. It is essential to monitor the patient's digitalis levels regularly and adjust the dosage if necessary based on the patient's response and any changes in their clinical status. Switching to a more potent drug, changing the medication, or adding a diuretic would not be appropriate without further assessment and consultation with the healthcare provider managing Lily's digitalis therapy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The clinical presentation of fever, malaise, maculopapular rash starting on the face and spreading to the trunk and extremities, along with leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, is highly suggestive of Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) caused by Rickettsia rickettsii. RMSF is a tick-borne illness transmitted by the American dog tick, Rocky Mountain wood tick, and brown dog tick. The constellation of symptoms described aligns well with the typical presentation of RMSF. Borrelia burgdorferi causes Lyme disease, which presents with erythema migrans but does not typically cause leukopenia or thrombocytopenia. Plasmodium falciparum is the causative agent of severe malaria and would present with symptoms such as cyclic fevers, anemia, and jaundice but not the described rash distribution.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Nurse Crissel likely informed the participants that HIV is not casually transmitted through activities like kissing. HIV transmission primarily occurs through activities that involve the exchange of bodily fluids, such as blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk. Accidental blood exposure, unprotected sex, and mother to child transmission are known routes of HIV transmission due to the direct exchange of bodily fluids containing the virus. However, the virus is not spread through saliva, including activities like kissing, which do not involve the exchange of significant amounts of bodily fluids.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The best time to visit the clinic for the first prenatal care is during the first trimester of pregnancy, ideally before the 12th week. This is because early prenatal care is crucial for monitoring the health of both the mother and the developing baby, identifying any risk factors or complications early on, and initiating important interventions such as prenatal vitamins and screenings. By starting prenatal care early in the first trimester, potential issues can be identified and addressed promptly, leading to better pregnancy outcomes. It is important for pregnant women to seek early prenatal care to ensure a healthy pregnancy and delivery.