ATI RN
Multiple Choice Questions for Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Partial pressure of O2 in the inspired air is 156 mm Hg and that of CO2 is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Inspired air has O2 partial pressure of 156 mm Hg. 2. In alveoli, O2 is exchanged with CO2. 3. CO2 partial pressure in alveoli is lower than in inspired air. 4. Therefore, CO2 partial pressure in inspired air must be much lower. 5. Choice A (0.3 mm Hg) is the only option significantly lower than O2 pressure, making it the correct answer. Summary: - Choice A is correct as it reflects the lower CO2 partial pressure compared to O2. - Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not show a significant difference in partial pressure compared to O2.
Question 2 of 5
Rectal respiration is seen in
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rectal respiration in insects involves the exchange of gases through the anus. The correct answer is C, Niads of Dragonfly, as they have specialized structures called rectal gills for respiration. Cockroach (A), Spider (B), and Water flea (D) do not possess rectal gills or exhibit rectal respiration. Cockroaches have spiracles for respiration, spiders have book lungs or tracheal systems, and water fleas have gills located elsewhere on their bodies. Thus, only Niads of Dragonfly demonstrate rectal respiration, making it the correct choice.
Question 3 of 5
A medical nurse has admitted a patient to the unit with a diagnosis of failure to thrive. The patient has developed a fever and cough, so a sputum specimen has been obtained. The nurse notes that the sputum is greenish and that there is a large quantity of it. The nurse notifies the patient's physician because these symptoms are suggestive of what?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Infection. The greenish color and large quantity of sputum suggest an infection in the lungs, typically caused by bacteria. Greenish sputum is often a sign of bacterial pneumonia. Fever and cough are common symptoms of a lung infection, along with increased sputum production. Pneumothorax (A) is characterized by a collapsed lung and does not typically present with greenish sputum. Lung tumors (B) may cause cough and sputum production, but the color of the sputum is not specific to tumors. Pulmonary edema (D) is a condition where fluid accumulates in the lungs, leading to shortness of breath and pink, frothy sputum, not greenish sputum.
Question 4 of 5
A patient on the medical unit has told the nurse that he is experiencing significant dyspnea, despite that he has not recently performed any physical activity. What assessment question should the nurse ask the patient while preparing to perform a physical assessment?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (A): 1. Assessing the severity of dyspnea is crucial for determining the urgency of intervention. 2. By asking for a rating on a scale from 1 to 10, the nurse can quantify the level of distress the patient is experiencing. 3. This allows for a more objective assessment and helps in determining appropriate interventions. 4. Monitoring changes in the severity of dyspnea over time can also guide treatment effectiveness. Summary of Incorrect Choices: B. Asking about the last time the patient ate or drank is important for assessing possible contributing factors to dyspnea, but it does not directly address the immediate severity of the symptom. C. Inquiring about nausea is relevant for a more comprehensive assessment, but it does not directly address the severity of dyspnea. D. Asking about the potential need for medication is important, but it does not directly address the current level of dyspnea and may not be the immediate priority.
Question 5 of 5
Which muscle(s) produce(s) the movement labeled '1'?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: external intercostals. These muscles are responsible for elevating the ribcage during inhalation, which corresponds to the movement labeled '1'. The rectus abdominis (A) is involved in trunk flexion, internal intercostals (B) aid in forced exhalation, and the diaphragm (D) primarily assists in inhalation by moving downward to increase thoracic cavity volume. Therefore, the external intercostals are the correct choice for the specific movement indicated in the question.