ATI RN
Quizlet Patient-Centered Care UNMC Addiction Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Pain tolerance in an elderly patient with cancer would:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: There is potential for a lowered pain tolerance to exist with diminished adaptative capacity.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following drugs INCREASES gastric pH while decreasing gastric volume?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ranitidine, an H2-receptor antagonist, increases gastric pH by reducing acid secretion and decreases gastric volume indirectly by lowering acid production.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the surgical consent with the patient during preoperative education and finds the patient does not understand what procedure will be completed. What is the nurse's best next step?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Notify the health care provider about the patient's question. The nurse must ensure that the patient fully understands the procedure before proceeding with obtaining consent. By notifying the healthcare provider, the nurse can facilitate further clarification and discussion with the patient to address any concerns or questions. This ensures patient autonomy and informed decision-making. Explanation for other choices: B: Explaining the procedure that will be completed is important, but the patient's lack of understanding indicates the need for further clarification from the healthcare provider. C: Continuing with preoperative education without addressing the patient's lack of understanding would not be appropriate as it may lead to miscommunication. D: Asking the patient to sign the form without ensuring comprehension would not uphold the principle of informed consent.
Question 4 of 5
You are assessing a critical patient and considering the possibility of a reversible cause of his symptomatic slow heart rate. Which of the possibilities is most likely to cause a patient to present with a slow heart rate and associated signs/symptoms of bradycardia?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Hypoxia decreases oxygen delivery to tissues, causing a compensatory increase in heart rate. Severe hypoxia can lead to bradycardia. 2. Bradycardia in hypoxia occurs due to a vagal response, aiming to reduce oxygen consumption. 3. Other choices like cardiac tamponade, pulmonary embolus, and hypovolemia typically cause tachycardia as a compensatory mechanism. 4. Cardiac tamponade leads to decreased cardiac output, triggering a compensatory tachycardia. 5. Pulmonary embolus results in hypoxemia and increased pulmonary artery pressure, causing tachycardia. 6. Hypovolemia prompts the body to increase heart rate to maintain perfusion to vital organs.
Question 5 of 5
Your adult patient presents with shortness of breath and chest pain. She reports the pain began last night and has worsened. She is breathing 28 times per minute with a SpO2 of 96 percent on room air. She reports the pain worsens when asked to take a deep breath. Lung sounds are equal with a grating sound heard on inhalation. The patient's heart rate and blood pressure are normal. She is showing a sinus rhythm with a first-degree atrioventricular block present in lead II on the ECG. Which of the following is most likely the cause of her complaints?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pleurisy. Pleurisy is inflammation of the pleura, the lining surrounding the lungs. The patient's symptoms of chest pain worsened by deep breathing, grating sound on inhalation, and normal heart rate suggest pleurisy. The absence of other cardiac symptoms, such as abnormal ECG findings or elevated troponin levels, makes acute myocardial infarction less likely (C). Asthma (B) typically presents with wheezing and respiratory distress, which are not seen in this patient. Bronchitis (D) usually presents with productive cough, which is not described here. Pleurisy fits the clinical presentation of chest pain worsened by breathing, pleural friction rub, and normal heart rate.