Pain in ortho cases may not be mainly due to the surgery. There might be other factors such as cultural or psychological that influence pain. How can you alter these factors as the nurse?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Correct Answer: D Rationale: 1. Promoting client's sense of control and participation empowers them. 2. This can reduce anxiety and increase feelings of control over their pain. 3. By listening to concerns, you validate their feelings and build trust. 4. Empowering clients can positively impact their pain experience. Summary of Other Choices: A. Explaining interventions causing worry may increase anxiety. B. Giving medication on time is important but doesn't directly address psychological factors. C. Staying with the client during pain episodes provides comfort but doesn't address empowerment or control.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: Aminophylline is a bronchodilator that relaxes smooth muscles of the bronchial airway, making it easier to breathe during an acute asthmatic attack. This helps to open up the airways and improve airflow, which is crucial in managing asthma symptoms. It does not promote expectoration (B), prevent thickening of secretions (C), or suppress cough (D) in the treatment of asthma. These actions are not the primary purpose of aminophylline in managing acute asthmatic attacks.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because as the nurse in charge of scheduling surgical cases, it is crucial to know the surgeon's preferred time and type of surgery, as well as the names of their assistant and anesthesiologist. Knowing this information ensures proper coordination and preparation for the surgical procedure. Choice A is incorrect because knowing the internist is not directly relevant to scheduling surgical cases. Choice C is incorrect because the question specifically asks about important information for scheduling surgical cases, not about general medical personnel involved. Choice D is also incorrect as it only focuses on the anesthesiologist and omits other essential information needed for scheduling.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sensation of pressure. Patients with ileostomy rely on the sensation of pressure to determine when to drain their pouch. As the pouch fills up with stool, they feel a sense of fullness or pressure, indicating the need for emptying. This sensation serves as a practical guide for maintaining pouch hygiene. Other choices like A (taste), C (smell), and D (urge to defecate) are not relevant in this context as they do not directly relate to the physical indication of when the pouch needs to be drained. Taste and smell are sensory perceptions, while the urge to defecate is a natural bodily function that is altered in patients with ileostomy.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because nitroglycerin works by dilating veins, decreasing venous return to the heart, and reducing preload. This reduces the workload of the heart and oxygen demand, relieving angina. Choice A is incorrect because nitroglycerin does not increase contractility but rather decreases it. Choice B is incorrect because nitroglycerin does not increase AV conduction or heart rate. Choice C is incorrect because nitroglycerin does not decrease contractility or oxygen consumption.